Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine

Giovanni Merlino1,3, Anna Serafini1, Francesca Robiony2, Mariarosaria Valente1,3, Gian Luigi Gigli1,31Sleep Disorder Center, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; 2Pharmacy Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy; 3DPMSC, University of Udine, ItalyAbstract: RLS is a...

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Autores principales:	Giovanni Merlino, Anna Serafini, Francesca Robiony, Mariarosaria Valente, Gian Luigi Gigli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a778ef80921643679678169449e9d996
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a778ef80921643679678169449e9d9962021-12-02T00:43:34ZRestless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/a778ef80921643679678169449e9d9962009-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/restless-legs-syndrome-differential-diagnosis-and-management-with-roti-a2808https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Giovanni Merlino1,3, Anna Serafini1, Francesca Robiony2, Mariarosaria Valente1,3, Gian Luigi Gigli1,31Sleep Disorder Center, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; 2Pharmacy Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy; 3DPMSC, University of Udine, ItalyAbstract: RLS is a common sleep disorder with distinctive clinical features. The prevalence of RLS in Caucasians and North Americans ranges from 5% to 10%. However, only some of these subjects (almost the 3% of the general population) report being affected by a frequent and severe form of the sleep disorder. RLS is diagnosed clinically by means of four internationally recognized criteria that summarize the main characteristics of the sleep disorder. Besides the essential criteria, supportive and associated features of RLS have been established by experts in order to help physicians treat patients with doubtful symptoms. Several clinical conditions may mimic this sleep disorder. In order to increase the sensibility and specificity of RLS diagnosis, doctors should perform a meticulous patient history and then an accurate physical and neurological examination. Dopamine agonists are recognized as the preferred first-line treatment for RLS. Rotigotine is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist with selectivity for D1, D2 and D3 receptors. The drug is administered via transdermal patches which release rotigotine for 24 hours. Four clinical trials demonstrated that this compound is able to improve RLS symptomatology with few and moderate adverse events. Head to head trials are required to compare the efficacy and tolerability of rotigotine with other dopamine agonists administered via oral intake. Rotigotine has been approved by the FDA and EMEA for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease. For the treatment of moderate to severe idiopathic RLS, rotigotine has been recommended for approval by the EMEA and is under review by the FDA.Keywords: restless legs syndrome, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, dopamine agonists, rotigotine Giovanni MerlinoAnna SerafiniFrancesca RobionyMariarosaria ValenteGian Luigi GigliDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 67-80 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Giovanni Merlino Anna Serafini Francesca Robiony Mariarosaria Valente Gian Luigi Gigli Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
description	Giovanni Merlino1,3, Anna Serafini1, Francesca Robiony2, Mariarosaria Valente1,3, Gian Luigi Gigli1,31Sleep Disorder Center, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; 2Pharmacy Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy; 3DPMSC, University of Udine, ItalyAbstract: RLS is a common sleep disorder with distinctive clinical features. The prevalence of RLS in Caucasians and North Americans ranges from 5% to 10%. However, only some of these subjects (almost the 3% of the general population) report being affected by a frequent and severe form of the sleep disorder. RLS is diagnosed clinically by means of four internationally recognized criteria that summarize the main characteristics of the sleep disorder. Besides the essential criteria, supportive and associated features of RLS have been established by experts in order to help physicians treat patients with doubtful symptoms. Several clinical conditions may mimic this sleep disorder. In order to increase the sensibility and specificity of RLS diagnosis, doctors should perform a meticulous patient history and then an accurate physical and neurological examination. Dopamine agonists are recognized as the preferred first-line treatment for RLS. Rotigotine is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist with selectivity for D1, D2 and D3 receptors. The drug is administered via transdermal patches which release rotigotine for 24 hours. Four clinical trials demonstrated that this compound is able to improve RLS symptomatology with few and moderate adverse events. Head to head trials are required to compare the efficacy and tolerability of rotigotine with other dopamine agonists administered via oral intake. Rotigotine has been approved by the FDA and EMEA for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease. For the treatment of moderate to severe idiopathic RLS, rotigotine has been recommended for approval by the EMEA and is under review by the FDA.Keywords: restless legs syndrome, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, dopamine agonists, rotigotine
format	article
author	Giovanni Merlino Anna Serafini Francesca Robiony Mariarosaria Valente Gian Luigi Gigli
author_facet	Giovanni Merlino Anna Serafini Francesca Robiony Mariarosaria Valente Gian Luigi Gigli
author_sort	Giovanni Merlino
title	Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
title_short	Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
title_full	Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
title_fullStr	Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
title_full_unstemmed	Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
title_sort	restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/a778ef80921643679678169449e9d996
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_version_	1718403517571399680

Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with rotigotine

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