Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright

Watermarking techniques in a wide range of digital media was utilized as a host cover to hide or embed a piece of information message in such a way that it is invisible to a human observer. This study aims to develop an enhanced rapid and blind method for producing a watermarked 3D object using QR c...

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Autores principales:	Hanan S. Al-Saadi, Ahmed Elhadad, A. Ghareeb
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a78557676ed44850bce84565ab2beb01
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a78557676ed44850bce84565ab2beb012021-11-29T00:56:32ZRapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright1687-527310.1155/2021/2236866https://doaj.org/article/a78557676ed44850bce84565ab2beb012021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2236866https://doaj.org/toc/1687-5273Watermarking techniques in a wide range of digital media was utilized as a host cover to hide or embed a piece of information message in such a way that it is invisible to a human observer. This study aims to develop an enhanced rapid and blind method for producing a watermarked 3D object using QR code images with high imperceptibility and transparency. The proposed method is based on the spatial domain, and it starts with converting the 3D object triangles from the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to the two-dimensional coordinates domain using the corresponding transformation matrix. Then, it applies a direct modification on the third vertex point of each triangle. Each triangle’s coordinates in the 3D object can be used to embed one pixel from the QR code image. In the extraction process, the QR code pixels can be successfully extracted without the need for the original image. The imperceptibly and the transparency performances of the proposed watermarking algorithm were evaluated using Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, cosine distance, and the correlation distance values. The proposed method was tested under various filtering attacks, such as rotation, scaling, and translation. The proposed watermarking method improved the robustness and visibility of extracting the QR code image. The results reveal that the proposed watermarking method yields watermarked 3D objects with excellent execution time, imperceptibility, and robustness to common filtering attacks.Hanan S. Al-SaadiAhmed ElhadadA. GhareebHindawi LimitedarticleComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENComputational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Hanan S. Al-Saadi Ahmed Elhadad A. Ghareeb Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
description	Watermarking techniques in a wide range of digital media was utilized as a host cover to hide or embed a piece of information message in such a way that it is invisible to a human observer. This study aims to develop an enhanced rapid and blind method for producing a watermarked 3D object using QR code images with high imperceptibility and transparency. The proposed method is based on the spatial domain, and it starts with converting the 3D object triangles from the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to the two-dimensional coordinates domain using the corresponding transformation matrix. Then, it applies a direct modification on the third vertex point of each triangle. Each triangle’s coordinates in the 3D object can be used to embed one pixel from the QR code image. In the extraction process, the QR code pixels can be successfully extracted without the need for the original image. The imperceptibly and the transparency performances of the proposed watermarking algorithm were evaluated using Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, cosine distance, and the correlation distance values. The proposed method was tested under various filtering attacks, such as rotation, scaling, and translation. The proposed watermarking method improved the robustness and visibility of extracting the QR code image. The results reveal that the proposed watermarking method yields watermarked 3D objects with excellent execution time, imperceptibility, and robustness to common filtering attacks.
format	article
author	Hanan S. Al-Saadi Ahmed Elhadad A. Ghareeb
author_facet	Hanan S. Al-Saadi Ahmed Elhadad A. Ghareeb
author_sort	Hanan S. Al-Saadi
title	Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
title_short	Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
title_full	Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
title_fullStr	Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
title_full_unstemmed	Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright
title_sort	rapid and blind watermarking approach of the 3d objects using qr code images for securing copyright
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a78557676ed44850bce84565ab2beb01
work_keys_str_mv	AT hanansalsaadi rapidandblindwatermarkingapproachofthe3dobjectsusingqrcodeimagesforsecuringcopyright AT ahmedelhadad rapidandblindwatermarkingapproachofthe3dobjectsusingqrcodeimagesforsecuringcopyright AT aghareeb rapidandblindwatermarkingapproachofthe3dobjectsusingqrcodeimagesforsecuringcopyright
_version_	1718407725990281216

Rapid and Blind Watermarking Approach of the 3D Objects Using QR Code Images for Securing Copyright

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