Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter

The most important tobacco-specific nitrosamine found in cigarette smoke and formed in ageing smoke after cigarettes are extinguished is 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). It is formed from nitrosation of nicotine, under particular conditions both in indoor and outdoor environment...

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Autores principales:	Noel J. Aquilina, Christopher M. Havel, Roy M. Harrison, Kin-Fai Ho, Neal L. Benowitz, Peyton Jacob III
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Tobacco Smoke Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines NNK Particulate Matter Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a78e44d393c345258580ef8c9030addb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a78e44d393c345258580ef8c9030addb2021-11-20T04:55:41ZDetermination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter0160-412010.1016/j.envint.2021.106992https://doaj.org/article/a78e44d393c345258580ef8c9030addb2022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021006176https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120The most important tobacco-specific nitrosamine found in cigarette smoke and formed in ageing smoke after cigarettes are extinguished is 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). It is formed from nitrosation of nicotine, under particular conditions both in indoor and outdoor environments. NNK has been classified as a potent lung carcinogen which is expected to be found primarily in the particle-phase and to be stable in particulate matter. In this study tests have been carried out to show that a bisulfate-treated filter is more efficient than an untreated filter to collect both nicotine and NNK, and that the latter is stable in outdoor particulate matter. To characterize NNK in the outdoor environment, airborne samples were collected from 11 cities in USA, UK, Hong Kong and Malta with characteristics varying from low to high population densities and from urban to suburban to rural, and with desert characteristics and distinct climates. It has been shown that airborne particle + gas phase nicotine and particle-phase NNK behave in a linearly correlated manner. A seasonal analysis was carried out on a subset of data available from five sites in California, where the load of NNK in PM10 is driven by long range transport of the air masses passing over densely populated cities. In the winter season, the load of NNK in PM is higher than in summer in a statistically significant manner. The contamination of PM with NNK shows variability, but is observed at all sites. This paper highlights the potential risk of chronic exposure to NNK in particulate matter by the inhalation pathway.Noel J. AquilinaChristopher M. HavelRoy M. HarrisonKin-Fai HoNeal L. BenowitzPeyton Jacob IIIElsevierarticleTobacco SmokeTobacco-Specific NitrosaminesNNKParticulate MatterEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENEnvironment International, Vol 158, Iss , Pp 106992- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Tobacco Smoke Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines NNK Particulate Matter Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Tobacco Smoke Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines NNK Particulate Matter Environmental sciences GE1-350 Noel J. Aquilina Christopher M. Havel Roy M. Harrison Kin-Fai Ho Neal L. Benowitz Peyton Jacob III Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
description	The most important tobacco-specific nitrosamine found in cigarette smoke and formed in ageing smoke after cigarettes are extinguished is 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). It is formed from nitrosation of nicotine, under particular conditions both in indoor and outdoor environments. NNK has been classified as a potent lung carcinogen which is expected to be found primarily in the particle-phase and to be stable in particulate matter. In this study tests have been carried out to show that a bisulfate-treated filter is more efficient than an untreated filter to collect both nicotine and NNK, and that the latter is stable in outdoor particulate matter. To characterize NNK in the outdoor environment, airborne samples were collected from 11 cities in USA, UK, Hong Kong and Malta with characteristics varying from low to high population densities and from urban to suburban to rural, and with desert characteristics and distinct climates. It has been shown that airborne particle + gas phase nicotine and particle-phase NNK behave in a linearly correlated manner. A seasonal analysis was carried out on a subset of data available from five sites in California, where the load of NNK in PM10 is driven by long range transport of the air masses passing over densely populated cities. In the winter season, the load of NNK in PM is higher than in summer in a statistically significant manner. The contamination of PM with NNK shows variability, but is observed at all sites. This paper highlights the potential risk of chronic exposure to NNK in particulate matter by the inhalation pathway.
format	article
author	Noel J. Aquilina Christopher M. Havel Roy M. Harrison Kin-Fai Ho Neal L. Benowitz Peyton Jacob III
author_facet	Noel J. Aquilina Christopher M. Havel Roy M. Harrison Kin-Fai Ho Neal L. Benowitz Peyton Jacob III
author_sort	Noel J. Aquilina
title	Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
title_short	Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
title_full	Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
title_fullStr	Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
title_full_unstemmed	Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
title_sort	determination of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/a78e44d393c345258580ef8c9030addb
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Determination of 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) arising from tobacco smoke in airborne particulate matter

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