Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage

Malaria remains a global health burden with Plasmodium falciparum accounting for the highest mortality and morbidity. Malaria in pregnancy can lead to the development of placental malaria, where P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes adhere to placental receptors, triggering placental inflammation and...

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Autores principales:	Caroline Lin Lin Chua, Sebastian Kah Ming Khoo, Jun Long Ernest Ong, Gaurav Kumar Ramireddi, Tsin Wen Yeo, Andrew Teo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	low birth weight preterm birth malaria pregnancy Plasmodium falciparum syncytiotrophoblast Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7928ccb4aba4d578b7b0b9aee6da12d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7928ccb4aba4d578b7b0b9aee6da12d2021-11-11T10:21:01ZMalaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.777343https://doaj.org/article/a7928ccb4aba4d578b7b0b9aee6da12d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.777343/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XMalaria remains a global health burden with Plasmodium falciparum accounting for the highest mortality and morbidity. Malaria in pregnancy can lead to the development of placental malaria, where P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes adhere to placental receptors, triggering placental inflammation and subsequent damage, causing harm to both mother and her infant. Histopathological studies of P. falciparum-infected placentas revealed various placental abnormalities such as excessive perivillous fibrinoid deposits, breakdown of syncytiotrophoblast integrity, trophoblast basal lamina thickening, increased syncytial knotting, and accumulation of mononuclear immune cells within intervillous spaces. These events in turn, are likely to impair placental development and function, ultimately causing placental insufficiency, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery and low birth weight. Hence, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind placental alterations and damage during placental malaria is needed for the design of effective interventions. In this review, using evidence from human studies and murine models, an integrated view on the potential mechanisms underlying placental pathologies in malaria in pregnancy is provided. The molecular, immunological and metabolic changes in infected placentas that reflect their responses to the parasitic infection and injury are discussed. Finally, potential models that can be used by researchers to improve our understanding on the pathogenesis of malaria in pregnancy and placental pathologies are presented.Caroline Lin Lin ChuaSebastian Kah Ming KhooJun Long Ernest OngGaurav Kumar RamireddiTsin Wen YeoTsin Wen YeoTsin Wen YeoAndrew TeoAndrew TeoFrontiers Media S.A.articlelow birth weightpreterm birthmalariapregnancyPlasmodium falciparumsyncytiotrophoblastMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	low birth weight preterm birth malaria pregnancy Plasmodium falciparum syncytiotrophoblast Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	low birth weight preterm birth malaria pregnancy Plasmodium falciparum syncytiotrophoblast Microbiology QR1-502 Caroline Lin Lin Chua Sebastian Kah Ming Khoo Jun Long Ernest Ong Gaurav Kumar Ramireddi Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Andrew Teo Andrew Teo Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
description	Malaria remains a global health burden with Plasmodium falciparum accounting for the highest mortality and morbidity. Malaria in pregnancy can lead to the development of placental malaria, where P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes adhere to placental receptors, triggering placental inflammation and subsequent damage, causing harm to both mother and her infant. Histopathological studies of P. falciparum-infected placentas revealed various placental abnormalities such as excessive perivillous fibrinoid deposits, breakdown of syncytiotrophoblast integrity, trophoblast basal lamina thickening, increased syncytial knotting, and accumulation of mononuclear immune cells within intervillous spaces. These events in turn, are likely to impair placental development and function, ultimately causing placental insufficiency, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery and low birth weight. Hence, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind placental alterations and damage during placental malaria is needed for the design of effective interventions. In this review, using evidence from human studies and murine models, an integrated view on the potential mechanisms underlying placental pathologies in malaria in pregnancy is provided. The molecular, immunological and metabolic changes in infected placentas that reflect their responses to the parasitic infection and injury are discussed. Finally, potential models that can be used by researchers to improve our understanding on the pathogenesis of malaria in pregnancy and placental pathologies are presented.
format	article
author	Caroline Lin Lin Chua Sebastian Kah Ming Khoo Jun Long Ernest Ong Gaurav Kumar Ramireddi Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Andrew Teo Andrew Teo
author_facet	Caroline Lin Lin Chua Sebastian Kah Ming Khoo Jun Long Ernest Ong Gaurav Kumar Ramireddi Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Tsin Wen Yeo Andrew Teo Andrew Teo
author_sort	Caroline Lin Lin Chua
title	Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
title_short	Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
title_full	Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
title_fullStr	Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
title_full_unstemmed	Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage
title_sort	malaria in pregnancy: from placental infection to its abnormal development and damage
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7928ccb4aba4d578b7b0b9aee6da12d
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Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage

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