Using reactive distillation for upgrading bio-oil from co-pyrolysis of palm kernel shell and palm empty fruit bunches
Due to the poor physical properties of raw bio-oil from pyrolysis, in this work reactive distillation was used to upgrade vaporized bio-oil from selected co-pyrolysis of palm kernel shell and palm empty fruit bunches at 75%/25% mixing ratio by using 10%Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst and ethanol at various reb...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Prince of Songkla University
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/a79db768781e4899be4b39c14b383870 |
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| Sumario: | Due to the poor physical properties of raw bio-oil from pyrolysis, in this work reactive distillation was used to upgrade
vaporized bio-oil from selected co-pyrolysis of palm kernel shell and palm empty fruit bunches at 75%/25% mixing ratio by
using 10%Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst and ethanol at various reboiler temperatures. In the pyrolysis process, the feed temperature (biooil vapor and non-condensable gas) was in the range between 35 and 230 °C. The reboiler temperature not only influenced the
separation of heavy oil from raw bio-oil, which would help minimize catalyst deactivation, but also possibly affected contact
time of reactants with catalyst via the residence time. The vaporized bio-oil was upgraded by esterification and acetalization
reactions producing levulinic acid ethyl ester, nonanoic acid ethyl ester, and 1,1-diethoxyethane. The physical characteristics
density, kinematic viscosity, water content, and pH were improved from those of the raw bio-oil. |
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