NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.

Muscular dystrophies are common, currently incurable diseases. A subset of dystrophies result from genetic disruptions in complexes that attach muscle fibers to their surrounding extracellular matrix microenvironment. Cell-matrix adhesions are exquisite sensors of physiological conditions and mediat...

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Autores principales:	Michelle F Goody, Meghan W Kelly, Christine J Reynolds, Andre Khalil, Bryan D Crawford, Clarissa A Henry
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7b034ea753c49c2a647df6f4d468327
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7b034ea753c49c2a647df6f4d4683272021-11-18T05:37:24ZNAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1001409https://doaj.org/article/a7b034ea753c49c2a647df6f4d4683272012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23109907/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Muscular dystrophies are common, currently incurable diseases. A subset of dystrophies result from genetic disruptions in complexes that attach muscle fibers to their surrounding extracellular matrix microenvironment. Cell-matrix adhesions are exquisite sensors of physiological conditions and mediate responses that allow cells to adapt to changing conditions. Thus, one approach towards finding targets for future therapeutic applications is to identify cell adhesion pathways that mediate these dynamic, adaptive responses in vivo. We find that nicotinamide riboside kinase 2b-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis, which functions as a small molecule agonist of muscle fiber-extracellular matrix adhesion, corrects dystrophic phenotypes in zebrafish lacking either a primary component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex or integrin alpha7. Exogenous NAD+ or a vitamin precursor to NAD+ reduces muscle fiber degeneration and results in significantly faster escape responses in dystrophic embryos. Overexpression of paxillin, a cell adhesion protein downstream of NAD+ in this novel cell adhesion pathway, reduces muscle degeneration in zebrafish with intact integrin receptors but does not improve motility. Activation of this pathway significantly increases organization of laminin, a major component of the extracellular matrix basement membrane. Our results indicate that the primary protective effects of NAD+ result from changes to the basement membrane, as a wild-type basement membrane is sufficient to increase resilience of dystrophic muscle fibers to damage. The surprising result that NAD+ supplementation ameliorates dystrophy in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex- or integrin alpha7-deficient zebrafish suggests the existence of an additional laminin receptor complex that anchors muscle fibers to the basement membrane. We find that integrin alpha6 participates in this pathway, but either integrin alpha7 or the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex is required in conjunction with integrin alpha6 to reduce muscle degeneration. Taken together, these results define a novel cell adhesion pathway that may have future therapeutic relevance for a broad spectrum of muscular dystrophies.Michelle F GoodyMeghan W KellyChristine J ReynoldsAndre KhalilBryan D CrawfordClarissa A HenryPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e1001409 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Michelle F Goody Meghan W Kelly Christine J Reynolds Andre Khalil Bryan D Crawford Clarissa A Henry NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
description	Muscular dystrophies are common, currently incurable diseases. A subset of dystrophies result from genetic disruptions in complexes that attach muscle fibers to their surrounding extracellular matrix microenvironment. Cell-matrix adhesions are exquisite sensors of physiological conditions and mediate responses that allow cells to adapt to changing conditions. Thus, one approach towards finding targets for future therapeutic applications is to identify cell adhesion pathways that mediate these dynamic, adaptive responses in vivo. We find that nicotinamide riboside kinase 2b-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis, which functions as a small molecule agonist of muscle fiber-extracellular matrix adhesion, corrects dystrophic phenotypes in zebrafish lacking either a primary component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex or integrin alpha7. Exogenous NAD+ or a vitamin precursor to NAD+ reduces muscle fiber degeneration and results in significantly faster escape responses in dystrophic embryos. Overexpression of paxillin, a cell adhesion protein downstream of NAD+ in this novel cell adhesion pathway, reduces muscle degeneration in zebrafish with intact integrin receptors but does not improve motility. Activation of this pathway significantly increases organization of laminin, a major component of the extracellular matrix basement membrane. Our results indicate that the primary protective effects of NAD+ result from changes to the basement membrane, as a wild-type basement membrane is sufficient to increase resilience of dystrophic muscle fibers to damage. The surprising result that NAD+ supplementation ameliorates dystrophy in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex- or integrin alpha7-deficient zebrafish suggests the existence of an additional laminin receptor complex that anchors muscle fibers to the basement membrane. We find that integrin alpha6 participates in this pathway, but either integrin alpha7 or the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex is required in conjunction with integrin alpha6 to reduce muscle degeneration. Taken together, these results define a novel cell adhesion pathway that may have future therapeutic relevance for a broad spectrum of muscular dystrophies.
format	article
author	Michelle F Goody Meghan W Kelly Christine J Reynolds Andre Khalil Bryan D Crawford Clarissa A Henry
author_facet	Michelle F Goody Meghan W Kelly Christine J Reynolds Andre Khalil Bryan D Crawford Clarissa A Henry
author_sort	Michelle F Goody
title	NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
title_short	NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
title_full	NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
title_fullStr	NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
title_full_unstemmed	NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
title_sort	nad+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7b034ea753c49c2a647df6f4d468327
work_keys_str_mv	AT michellefgoody nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy AT meghanwkelly nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy AT christinejreynolds nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy AT andrekhalil nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy AT bryandcrawford nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy AT clarissaahenry nadbiosynthesisamelioratesazebrafishmodelofmusculardystrophy
_version_	1718424869591318528

NAD+ biosynthesis ameliorates a zebrafish model of muscular dystrophy.

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