The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations

Abstract HCV screening depends mainly on a one-assay anti-HCV testing strategy that is subject to an increased false-positive rate in low-prevalence populations. In this study, a two-assay anti-HCV testing strategy was applied to screen HCV infection in two groups, labelled group one (76,442 people)...

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Autores principales:	Yanfang Huang, Huifen Pan, Qin Gao, Panpan Lv, Xiaoqin Xu, Zhen Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7bf323781a1461bad28fb069ad698eb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7bf323781a1461bad28fb069ad698eb2021-12-02T16:45:14ZThe role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations10.1038/s41598-021-88138-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a7bf323781a1461bad28fb069ad698eb2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88138-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract HCV screening depends mainly on a one-assay anti-HCV testing strategy that is subject to an increased false-positive rate in low-prevalence populations. In this study, a two-assay anti-HCV testing strategy was applied to screen HCV infection in two groups, labelled group one (76,442 people) and group two (18,415 people), using Elecsys electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and an Architect chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), respectively. Each anti-HCV-reactive serum was retested with the other assay. A recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and HCV RNA testing were performed to confirm anti-HCV positivity or active HCV infection. In group one, 516 specimens were reactive in the ECL screening, of which CMIA retesting showed that 363 (70.3%) were anti-HCV reactive (327 positive, 30 indeterminate, 6 negative by RIBA; 191 HCV RNA positive), but 153 (29.7%) were not anti-HCV reactive (4 positive, 29 indeterminate, 120 negative by RIBA; none HCV RNA positive). The two-assay strategy significantly improved the positive predictive value (PPV, 64.1% & 90.1%, P < 0.05). In group two, 87 serum specimens were reactive according to CMIA screening. ECL showed that 56 (70.3%) were anti-HCV reactive (47 positive, 8 indeterminate, 1 negative by RIBA; 29 HCV RNA positive) and 31 (29.7%) were anti-HCV non-reactive (25 negative, 5 indeterminate, 1 positive by RIBA; none HCV RNA positive). Again, the PPV was significantly increased (55.2% & 83.9%, P < 0.05). Compared with a one-assay testing strategy, the two-assay testing strategy may significantly reduce false positives in anti-HCV testing and identify inactive HCV infection in low-seroprevalence populations.Yanfang HuangHuifen PanQin GaoPanpan LvXiaoqin XuZhen ZhaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yanfang Huang Huifen Pan Qin Gao Panpan Lv Xiaoqin Xu Zhen Zhao The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
description	Abstract HCV screening depends mainly on a one-assay anti-HCV testing strategy that is subject to an increased false-positive rate in low-prevalence populations. In this study, a two-assay anti-HCV testing strategy was applied to screen HCV infection in two groups, labelled group one (76,442 people) and group two (18,415 people), using Elecsys electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and an Architect chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), respectively. Each anti-HCV-reactive serum was retested with the other assay. A recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) and HCV RNA testing were performed to confirm anti-HCV positivity or active HCV infection. In group one, 516 specimens were reactive in the ECL screening, of which CMIA retesting showed that 363 (70.3%) were anti-HCV reactive (327 positive, 30 indeterminate, 6 negative by RIBA; 191 HCV RNA positive), but 153 (29.7%) were not anti-HCV reactive (4 positive, 29 indeterminate, 120 negative by RIBA; none HCV RNA positive). The two-assay strategy significantly improved the positive predictive value (PPV, 64.1% & 90.1%, P < 0.05). In group two, 87 serum specimens were reactive according to CMIA screening. ECL showed that 56 (70.3%) were anti-HCV reactive (47 positive, 8 indeterminate, 1 negative by RIBA; 29 HCV RNA positive) and 31 (29.7%) were anti-HCV non-reactive (25 negative, 5 indeterminate, 1 positive by RIBA; none HCV RNA positive). Again, the PPV was significantly increased (55.2% & 83.9%, P < 0.05). Compared with a one-assay testing strategy, the two-assay testing strategy may significantly reduce false positives in anti-HCV testing and identify inactive HCV infection in low-seroprevalence populations.
format	article
author	Yanfang Huang Huifen Pan Qin Gao Panpan Lv Xiaoqin Xu Zhen Zhao
author_facet	Yanfang Huang Huifen Pan Qin Gao Panpan Lv Xiaoqin Xu Zhen Zhao
author_sort	Yanfang Huang
title	The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
title_short	The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
title_full	The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
title_fullStr	The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
title_full_unstemmed	The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations
title_sort	role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-hcv screening in low-prevalence populations
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7bf323781a1461bad28fb069ad698eb
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The role of a two-assay serological testing strategy for anti-HCV screening in low-prevalence populations

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