Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.

<h4>Background</h4>Microcystic macular edema (MME) and inner nuclear layer thickening (INL) were described in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The cause of these findings is currently unknown and a relation to infla...

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Autores principales:	Falko Kaufhold, Hanna Zimmermann, Elisa Schneider, Klemens Ruprecht, Friedemann Paul, Timm Oberwahrenbrock, Alexander U Brandt
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7cb819c12f14ce08f0aa46c3397674b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7cb819c12f14ce08f0aa46c3397674b2021-11-18T09:00:56ZOptic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0071145https://doaj.org/article/a7cb819c12f14ce08f0aa46c3397674b2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23940706/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Microcystic macular edema (MME) and inner nuclear layer thickening (INL) were described in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The cause of these findings is currently unknown and a relation to inflammatory or degenerative processes in the optic nerve is discussed.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of our study was to investigate whether INL thickening and MME are related to optic neuritis (ON) in various neuro-inflammatory disorders causingON: MS, NMO and chronic inflammatory optic neuropathy.<h4>Methods</h4>We retrospectively analyzed data from 216 MS patients, 39 patients with a clinically isolated syndrome, 20 NMO spectrum disorder patients, 9 patients with chronic inflammatory optic neuropathy and 121 healthy subjects. Intra-retinal layer segmentation was performed for the eyes of patients with unilateral ON. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) images were reviewed for characteristic ocular fundus changes.<h4>Results</h4>Intra-retinal layer segmentation showed that eyes with a history of ON displayed MME independent INL thickening compared to contralateral eyes without previous ON. MME was detected in 22 eyes from 15 patients (5.3% of all screened patients), including 7 patients with bilateral edema. Of these, 21 had a prior history of ON (95%). The SLO images of all 22 MME-affected eyes showed crescent-shaped texture changes which were visible in the perifoveal region. A second grader who was blinded to the results of the OCT classified all SLO images for the presence of these characteristic fundus changes. All MME eyes were correctly classified (sensitivity = 100%) with high specificity (95.2%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study shows that both MME and INL thickening occur in various neuro-inflammatory disorders associated with ON. We also demonstrate that detection and analysis of MME by OCT is not limited to B-scans, but also possible using SLO images.Falko KaufholdHanna ZimmermannElisa SchneiderKlemens RuprechtFriedemann PaulTimm OberwahrenbrockAlexander U BrandtPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e71145 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Falko Kaufhold Hanna Zimmermann Elisa Schneider Klemens Ruprecht Friedemann Paul Timm Oberwahrenbrock Alexander U Brandt Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Microcystic macular edema (MME) and inner nuclear layer thickening (INL) were described in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The cause of these findings is currently unknown and a relation to inflammatory or degenerative processes in the optic nerve is discussed.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of our study was to investigate whether INL thickening and MME are related to optic neuritis (ON) in various neuro-inflammatory disorders causingON: MS, NMO and chronic inflammatory optic neuropathy.<h4>Methods</h4>We retrospectively analyzed data from 216 MS patients, 39 patients with a clinically isolated syndrome, 20 NMO spectrum disorder patients, 9 patients with chronic inflammatory optic neuropathy and 121 healthy subjects. Intra-retinal layer segmentation was performed for the eyes of patients with unilateral ON. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) images were reviewed for characteristic ocular fundus changes.<h4>Results</h4>Intra-retinal layer segmentation showed that eyes with a history of ON displayed MME independent INL thickening compared to contralateral eyes without previous ON. MME was detected in 22 eyes from 15 patients (5.3% of all screened patients), including 7 patients with bilateral edema. Of these, 21 had a prior history of ON (95%). The SLO images of all 22 MME-affected eyes showed crescent-shaped texture changes which were visible in the perifoveal region. A second grader who was blinded to the results of the OCT classified all SLO images for the presence of these characteristic fundus changes. All MME eyes were correctly classified (sensitivity = 100%) with high specificity (95.2%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study shows that both MME and INL thickening occur in various neuro-inflammatory disorders associated with ON. We also demonstrate that detection and analysis of MME by OCT is not limited to B-scans, but also possible using SLO images.
format	article
author	Falko Kaufhold Hanna Zimmermann Elisa Schneider Klemens Ruprecht Friedemann Paul Timm Oberwahrenbrock Alexander U Brandt
author_facet	Falko Kaufhold Hanna Zimmermann Elisa Schneider Klemens Ruprecht Friedemann Paul Timm Oberwahrenbrock Alexander U Brandt
author_sort	Falko Kaufhold
title	Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
title_short	Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
title_full	Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
title_fullStr	Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
title_full_unstemmed	Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
title_sort	optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7cb819c12f14ce08f0aa46c3397674b
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_version_	1718421041493049344

Optic neuritis is associated with inner nuclear layer thickening and microcystic macular edema independently of multiple sclerosis.

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