Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico

Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) is cultivated in regions with frequent drought periods and high temperatures, conditions that have intensified in the last decades. One of the most important photosynthetic components, sensible to hydric stress, is maximum quantum yield for ph...

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Autores principales:	Marisol Galicia-Juárez, Francisco Zavala-García, Sugey Ramona Sinagawa-García, Adriana Gutiérrez-Diez, Héctor Williams-Alanís, María Eugenia Cisneros-López, Raúl Enrique Valle-Gough, Rodrigo Flores-Garivay, Jesús Santillano-Cázares
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	relative water content damage to cell membrane photosystem II maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fn) sorghum Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7cc7ec43b514ba39d3d110e8309cfa4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7cc7ec43b514ba39d3d110e8309cfa42021-11-25T18:44:28ZIdentification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico10.3390/plants101122652223-7747https://doaj.org/article/a7cc7ec43b514ba39d3d110e8309cfa42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2265https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) is cultivated in regions with frequent drought periods and high temperatures, conditions that have intensified in the last decades. One of the most important photosynthetic components, sensible to hydric stress, is maximum quantum yield for photosystem II (PSII, or Fv/Fm). The objective of the present study was to identify sorghum genotypes with tolerance to hydric and heat stress. The treatments were hydric status (hydric stress or non-hydric stress (irrigation)), the plant’s developmental stages (pre or post-anthesis), and six genotypes. The response variables were Fv/Fm; photosynthetic rate (P<sub>N</sub>); stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>); transpiration rate (E); relative water content (RWC); damage to cell membrane (DCM) at temperatures of 40 and 45 °C; and agronomic variables. The experiment was conducted in pots in open sky in Marín, N.L., in the dry and hot northeast Mexico. The treatment design was a split–split plot design, with three factors. Hydric stress diminished the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by 63%, due to damage caused to PSII. Pre-anthesis was the most vulnerable stage to hydric stress as it decreased the weight of grains per panicle (85%), number of grains per panicle (69%), and weight of 100 grains (46%). Genotypes LER 1 and LER 2 were identified as tolerant to hydric stress, as they had lower damage to PSII; LER 1 and LEB 2 for their superior RWC; and LER 1 as a thermo tolerant genotype, due to its lower DCM at 45 °C. It was concluded that LER 1 could have the potential for both hydric and heat stress tolerance in the arid northeast Mexico.Marisol Galicia-JuárezFrancisco Zavala-GarcíaSugey Ramona Sinagawa-GarcíaAdriana Gutiérrez-DiezHéctor Williams-AlanísMaría Eugenia Cisneros-LópezRaúl Enrique Valle-GoughRodrigo Flores-GarivayJesús Santillano-CázaresMDPI AGarticlerelative water contentdamage to cell membranephotosystem IImaximum quantum yield (Fv/Fn)sorghumBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2265, p 2265 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	relative water content damage to cell membrane photosystem II maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fn) sorghum Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	relative water content damage to cell membrane photosystem II maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fn) sorghum Botany QK1-989 Marisol Galicia-Juárez Francisco Zavala-García Sugey Ramona Sinagawa-García Adriana Gutiérrez-Diez Héctor Williams-Alanís María Eugenia Cisneros-López Raúl Enrique Valle-Gough Rodrigo Flores-Garivay Jesús Santillano-Cázares Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
description	Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) is cultivated in regions with frequent drought periods and high temperatures, conditions that have intensified in the last decades. One of the most important photosynthetic components, sensible to hydric stress, is maximum quantum yield for photosystem II (PSII, or Fv/Fm). The objective of the present study was to identify sorghum genotypes with tolerance to hydric and heat stress. The treatments were hydric status (hydric stress or non-hydric stress (irrigation)), the plant’s developmental stages (pre or post-anthesis), and six genotypes. The response variables were Fv/Fm; photosynthetic rate (P<sub>N</sub>); stomatal conductance (g<sub>s</sub>); transpiration rate (E); relative water content (RWC); damage to cell membrane (DCM) at temperatures of 40 and 45 °C; and agronomic variables. The experiment was conducted in pots in open sky in Marín, N.L., in the dry and hot northeast Mexico. The treatment design was a split–split plot design, with three factors. Hydric stress diminished the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by 63%, due to damage caused to PSII. Pre-anthesis was the most vulnerable stage to hydric stress as it decreased the weight of grains per panicle (85%), number of grains per panicle (69%), and weight of 100 grains (46%). Genotypes LER 1 and LER 2 were identified as tolerant to hydric stress, as they had lower damage to PSII; LER 1 and LEB 2 for their superior RWC; and LER 1 as a thermo tolerant genotype, due to its lower DCM at 45 °C. It was concluded that LER 1 could have the potential for both hydric and heat stress tolerance in the arid northeast Mexico.
format	article
author	Marisol Galicia-Juárez Francisco Zavala-García Sugey Ramona Sinagawa-García Adriana Gutiérrez-Diez Héctor Williams-Alanís María Eugenia Cisneros-López Raúl Enrique Valle-Gough Rodrigo Flores-Garivay Jesús Santillano-Cázares
author_facet	Marisol Galicia-Juárez Francisco Zavala-García Sugey Ramona Sinagawa-García Adriana Gutiérrez-Diez Héctor Williams-Alanís María Eugenia Cisneros-López Raúl Enrique Valle-Gough Rodrigo Flores-Garivay Jesús Santillano-Cázares
author_sort	Marisol Galicia-Juárez
title	Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
title_short	Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
title_full	Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
title_fullStr	Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico
title_sort	identification of sorghum (<i>sorghum bicolor</i> (l.) moench) genotypes with potential for hydric and heat stress tolerance in northeastern mexico
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7cc7ec43b514ba39d3d110e8309cfa4
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Identification of Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) Genotypes with Potential for Hydric and Heat Stress Tolerance in Northeastern Mexico

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