Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity

Predictive toxicity and structure–activity relationships (SARs) are raising interest since the number of nanomaterials has become unmanageable to assess their toxicity with a classical case-by-case approach. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are among the most promising nanomaterials of this decade an...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Salma Achawi, Bruno Feneon, Jérémie Pourchez, Valérie Forest
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	graphene-based materials structure–activity relationship toxicity safe-by-design Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a805188cd2594074bf421b07fa9e6e6b
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:a805188cd2594074bf421b07fa9e6e6b
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a805188cd2594074bf421b07fa9e6e6b2021-11-25T18:31:12ZStructure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity10.3390/nano111129632079-4991https://doaj.org/article/a805188cd2594074bf421b07fa9e6e6b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2963https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991Predictive toxicity and structure–activity relationships (SARs) are raising interest since the number of nanomaterials has become unmanageable to assess their toxicity with a classical case-by-case approach. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are among the most promising nanomaterials of this decade and their application might lead to several innovations. However, their toxicity impact needs to be thoroughly assessed. In this regard, we conducted a study on 22 GBMs to investigate their potential SARs by performing a complete physicochemical characterization and in vitro toxicity assessment (on RAW264.7 cells). We used GBMs of variable lateral size (0.5–38 µm), specific surface area (SSA, 30–880 m²/g), and surface oxidation (2–17%). We observed that reduced graphene oxides (RGOs) were more reactive than graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), potentially highlighting the role of GBM’s surface chemistry and surface defects density in their biological impact. We also observed that for GNPs, a smaller lateral size caused higher cytotoxicity. Lastly, GBMs showing a SSA higher than 200 m²/g were found to induce a higher ROS production. Mechanistic explanations are proposed in the discussion. In conclusion, pairing a full physicochemical characterization with a standardized toxicity assessment of a large set of samples allowed us to clarify SARs and provide an additional step toward safe-by-design GBMs.Salma AchawiBruno FeneonJérémie PourchezValérie ForestMDPI AGarticlegraphene-based materialsstructure–activity relationshiptoxicitysafe-by-designChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2963, p 2963 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	graphene-based materials structure–activity relationship toxicity safe-by-design Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	graphene-based materials structure–activity relationship toxicity safe-by-design Chemistry QD1-999 Salma Achawi Bruno Feneon Jérémie Pourchez Valérie Forest Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
description	Predictive toxicity and structure–activity relationships (SARs) are raising interest since the number of nanomaterials has become unmanageable to assess their toxicity with a classical case-by-case approach. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are among the most promising nanomaterials of this decade and their application might lead to several innovations. However, their toxicity impact needs to be thoroughly assessed. In this regard, we conducted a study on 22 GBMs to investigate their potential SARs by performing a complete physicochemical characterization and in vitro toxicity assessment (on RAW264.7 cells). We used GBMs of variable lateral size (0.5–38 µm), specific surface area (SSA, 30–880 m²/g), and surface oxidation (2–17%). We observed that reduced graphene oxides (RGOs) were more reactive than graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), potentially highlighting the role of GBM’s surface chemistry and surface defects density in their biological impact. We also observed that for GNPs, a smaller lateral size caused higher cytotoxicity. Lastly, GBMs showing a SSA higher than 200 m²/g were found to induce a higher ROS production. Mechanistic explanations are proposed in the discussion. In conclusion, pairing a full physicochemical characterization with a standardized toxicity assessment of a large set of samples allowed us to clarify SARs and provide an additional step toward safe-by-design GBMs.
format	article
author	Salma Achawi Bruno Feneon Jérémie Pourchez Valérie Forest
author_facet	Salma Achawi Bruno Feneon Jérémie Pourchez Valérie Forest
author_sort	Salma Achawi
title	Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
title_short	Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
title_full	Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
title_fullStr	Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
title_full_unstemmed	Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity
title_sort	structure–activity relationship of graphene-based materials: impact of the surface chemistry, surface specific area and lateral size on their in vitro toxicity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a805188cd2594074bf421b07fa9e6e6b
work_keys_str_mv	AT salmaachawi structureactivityrelationshipofgraphenebasedmaterialsimpactofthesurfacechemistrysurfacespecificareaandlateralsizeontheirinvitrotoxicity AT brunofeneon structureactivityrelationshipofgraphenebasedmaterialsimpactofthesurfacechemistrysurfacespecificareaandlateralsizeontheirinvitrotoxicity AT jeremiepourchez structureactivityrelationshipofgraphenebasedmaterialsimpactofthesurfacechemistrysurfacespecificareaandlateralsizeontheirinvitrotoxicity AT valerieforest structureactivityrelationshipofgraphenebasedmaterialsimpactofthesurfacechemistrysurfacespecificareaandlateralsizeontheirinvitrotoxicity
_version_	1718411037346103296

Structure–Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity

Ejemplares similares