Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?

Abstract Mucosal tissues act as a barrier throughout the oral, nasopharyngeal, lung, and intestinal systems, offering first-line protection against potential pathogens. Conventionally, vaccines are applied parenterally to induce serotype-dependent humoral response but fail to drive adequate mucosal...

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Autores principales:	Camille Zenobia, Karla-Luise Herpoldt, Marcelo Freire
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a841a4b6dcbf4a86ba20a86e81cc2195
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a841a4b6dcbf4a86ba20a86e81cc21952021-12-02T15:57:03ZIs the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?10.1038/s41541-021-00341-42059-0105https://doaj.org/article/a841a4b6dcbf4a86ba20a86e81cc21952021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-021-00341-4https://doaj.org/toc/2059-0105Abstract Mucosal tissues act as a barrier throughout the oral, nasopharyngeal, lung, and intestinal systems, offering first-line protection against potential pathogens. Conventionally, vaccines are applied parenterally to induce serotype-dependent humoral response but fail to drive adequate mucosal immune protection for viral infections such as influenza, HIV, and coronaviruses. Oral mucosa, however, provides a vast immune repertoire against specific microbial pathogens and yet is shaped by an ever-present microbiome community that has co-evolved with the host over thousands of years. Adjuvants targeting mucosal T-cells abundant in oral tissues can promote soluble-IgA (sIgA)-specific protection to confer increased vaccine efficacy. Th17 cells, for example, are at the center of cell-mediated immunity and evidence demonstrates that protection against heterologous pathogen serotypes is achieved with components from the oral microbiome. At the point of entry where pathogens are first encountered, typically the oral or nasal cavity, the mucosal surfaces are layered with bacterial cohabitants that continually shape the host immune profile. Constituents of the oral microbiome including their lipids, outer membrane vesicles, and specific proteins, have been found to modulate the Th17 response in the oral mucosa, playing important roles in vaccine and adjuvant designs. Currently, there are no approved adjuvants for the induction of Th17 protection, and it is critical that this research is included in the preparedness for the current and future pandemics. Here, we discuss the potential of oral commensals, and molecules derived thereof, to induce Th17 activity and provide safer and more predictable options in adjuvant engineering to prevent emerging infectious diseases.Camille ZenobiaKarla-Luise HerpoldtMarcelo FreireNature PortfolioarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENnpj Vaccines, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Camille Zenobia Karla-Luise Herpoldt Marcelo Freire Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
description	Abstract Mucosal tissues act as a barrier throughout the oral, nasopharyngeal, lung, and intestinal systems, offering first-line protection against potential pathogens. Conventionally, vaccines are applied parenterally to induce serotype-dependent humoral response but fail to drive adequate mucosal immune protection for viral infections such as influenza, HIV, and coronaviruses. Oral mucosa, however, provides a vast immune repertoire against specific microbial pathogens and yet is shaped by an ever-present microbiome community that has co-evolved with the host over thousands of years. Adjuvants targeting mucosal T-cells abundant in oral tissues can promote soluble-IgA (sIgA)-specific protection to confer increased vaccine efficacy. Th17 cells, for example, are at the center of cell-mediated immunity and evidence demonstrates that protection against heterologous pathogen serotypes is achieved with components from the oral microbiome. At the point of entry where pathogens are first encountered, typically the oral or nasal cavity, the mucosal surfaces are layered with bacterial cohabitants that continually shape the host immune profile. Constituents of the oral microbiome including their lipids, outer membrane vesicles, and specific proteins, have been found to modulate the Th17 response in the oral mucosa, playing important roles in vaccine and adjuvant designs. Currently, there are no approved adjuvants for the induction of Th17 protection, and it is critical that this research is included in the preparedness for the current and future pandemics. Here, we discuss the potential of oral commensals, and molecules derived thereof, to induce Th17 activity and provide safer and more predictable options in adjuvant engineering to prevent emerging infectious diseases.
format	article
author	Camille Zenobia Karla-Luise Herpoldt Marcelo Freire
author_facet	Camille Zenobia Karla-Luise Herpoldt Marcelo Freire
author_sort	Camille Zenobia
title	Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
title_short	Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
title_full	Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
title_fullStr	Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
title_full_unstemmed	Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
title_sort	is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a841a4b6dcbf4a86ba20a86e81cc2195
work_keys_str_mv	AT camillezenobia istheoralmicrobiomeasourcetoenhancemucosalimmunityagainstinfectiousdiseases AT karlaluiseherpoldt istheoralmicrobiomeasourcetoenhancemucosalimmunityagainstinfectiousdiseases AT marcelofreire istheoralmicrobiomeasourcetoenhancemucosalimmunityagainstinfectiousdiseases
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Is the oral microbiome a source to enhance mucosal immunity against infectious diseases?

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