Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach

Introduction: We conducted season-long observations of evaporation and carbon flux at the Gulf of Aqaba coast, northern Red Sea. We used the eddy-covariance method with a two-tower setup to measure evaporation rates over land and sea and the advection between them. Using a three-dimensional mass bal...

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Autores principales:	A. Camilo Rey-Sánchez, Gil Bohrer, Timothy H. Morin, Dekel Shlomo, Golnazalsadat Mirfenderesgi, Hezi Gildor, Amatzia Genin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2017
Materias:	Evaporation coral reef carbon flux advection eddy covariance Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a8634d50b6764aed9c379f3c16d6081b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a8634d50b6764aed9c379f3c16d6081b2021-12-02T12:55:33ZEvaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach2096-41292332-887810.1080/20964129.2017.1392830https://doaj.org/article/a8634d50b6764aed9c379f3c16d6081b2017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2017.1392830https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878Introduction: We conducted season-long observations of evaporation and carbon flux at the Gulf of Aqaba coast, northern Red Sea. We used the eddy-covariance method with a two-tower setup to measure evaporation rates over land and sea and the advection between them. Using a three-dimensional mass balance approach, we calculated total evaporation as the sum of two main components in our site: horizontal advection and turbulent vertical flux, with half-hourly change of water vapor storage and horizontal flux divergence found to be negligible. Outcomes: Average evaporation rates were 11.4 [mm/day] from April through May (early summer) and 10.5 [mm/day] from June through August (summer). The coastal reef was a CO2 sink over the period of measurements, significantly higher in June through August than in April through May. The main environmental drivers of CO2 flux were humidity, water temperature, sensible heat flux, and wind speed. Discussion: The rates of evaporation near the shore were considerably higher than values reported in other studies typically used to represent the mean for the whole Gulf area. We found that evaporation rates computed by common bulk models approximate the mean values of evaporation but have poor representativeness of the intra-daily temporal variation of evaporation. There was a significant correlation between CO2 flux and evaporation attributed to common environmental drivers of gas diffusion, turbulent fluxes, and horizontal transport. Conclusion: We conclude that observations of fluxes in coastal waters need to use at least a two-tower system to account for the effect of horizontal advection on the total flux.A. Camilo Rey-SánchezGil BohrerTimothy H. MorinDekel ShlomoGolnazalsadat MirfenderesgiHezi GildorAmatzia GeninTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEvaporationcoral reefcarbon fluxadvectioneddy covarianceEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 3, Iss 10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Evaporation coral reef carbon flux advection eddy covariance Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Evaporation coral reef carbon flux advection eddy covariance Ecology QH540-549.5 A. Camilo Rey-Sánchez Gil Bohrer Timothy H. Morin Dekel Shlomo Golnazalsadat Mirfenderesgi Hezi Gildor Amatzia Genin Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
description	Introduction: We conducted season-long observations of evaporation and carbon flux at the Gulf of Aqaba coast, northern Red Sea. We used the eddy-covariance method with a two-tower setup to measure evaporation rates over land and sea and the advection between them. Using a three-dimensional mass balance approach, we calculated total evaporation as the sum of two main components in our site: horizontal advection and turbulent vertical flux, with half-hourly change of water vapor storage and horizontal flux divergence found to be negligible. Outcomes: Average evaporation rates were 11.4 [mm/day] from April through May (early summer) and 10.5 [mm/day] from June through August (summer). The coastal reef was a CO2 sink over the period of measurements, significantly higher in June through August than in April through May. The main environmental drivers of CO2 flux were humidity, water temperature, sensible heat flux, and wind speed. Discussion: The rates of evaporation near the shore were considerably higher than values reported in other studies typically used to represent the mean for the whole Gulf area. We found that evaporation rates computed by common bulk models approximate the mean values of evaporation but have poor representativeness of the intra-daily temporal variation of evaporation. There was a significant correlation between CO2 flux and evaporation attributed to common environmental drivers of gas diffusion, turbulent fluxes, and horizontal transport. Conclusion: We conclude that observations of fluxes in coastal waters need to use at least a two-tower system to account for the effect of horizontal advection on the total flux.
format	article
author	A. Camilo Rey-Sánchez Gil Bohrer Timothy H. Morin Dekel Shlomo Golnazalsadat Mirfenderesgi Hezi Gildor Amatzia Genin
author_facet	A. Camilo Rey-Sánchez Gil Bohrer Timothy H. Morin Dekel Shlomo Golnazalsadat Mirfenderesgi Hezi Gildor Amatzia Genin
author_sort	A. Camilo Rey-Sánchez
title	Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
title_short	Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
title_full	Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
title_fullStr	Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
title_full_unstemmed	Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
title_sort	evaporation and co2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/a8634d50b6764aed9c379f3c16d6081b
work_keys_str_mv	AT acamiloreysanchez evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT gilbohrer evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT timothyhmorin evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT dekelshlomo evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT golnazalsadatmirfenderesgi evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT hezigildor evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach AT amatziagenin evaporationandco2fluxesinacoastalreefaneddycovarianceapproach
_version_	1718393585866375168

Evaporation and CO2 fluxes in a coastal reef: an eddy covariance approach

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