Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures

Rita Mencucci,1 Domenico E Pellegrini-Giampietro,2 Iacopo Paladini,1 Eleonora Favuzza,1 Ugo Menchini,1 Tania Scartabelli21Department of Specialized Surgical Science – Eye Clinic, 2Department of Health Science Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence,...

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Autores principales:	Mencucci R, Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Paladini I, Favuzza E, Menchini U, Scartabelli T
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a87b4e0dd3bf4924b8790d9b1362b1fa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a87b4e0dd3bf4924b8790d9b1362b1fa2021-12-02T07:02:17ZAzithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/a87b4e0dd3bf4924b8790d9b1362b1fa2013-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/azithromycin-assessment-of-intrinsic-cytotoxic-effects-on-corneal-epit-a13150https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Rita Mencucci,1 Domenico E Pellegrini-Giampietro,2 Iacopo Paladini,1 Eleonora Favuzza,1 Ugo Menchini,1 Tania Scartabelli21Department of Specialized Surgical Science – Eye Clinic, 2Department of Health Science Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyPurpose: To compare the cytotoxic effects of preservative-free azithromycin on corneal epithelial cells in vivo with those of preservative-free netilmicin and levofloxacin, and the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAK).Methods: Rabbit corneal epithelial cells in vitro were incubated for 15 minutes or 6 hours with commercially available ophthalmic preservative-free netilmicin 0.3%, levofloxacin 0.3%, or azithromycin 1.5% preparations or different concentrations of unpreserved azithromycin and different concentrations of BAK. Qualitative analysis was undertaken using phase-contrast optics to examine the morphological aspects of cell cultures and quantitative analysis was undertaken by measuring the release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase into the medium immediately and 24 hours after exposure to drugs. Finally, we observed the wound-healing rate of mechanically injured corneal epithelial cells exposed to each antibiotic ophthalmic preparation for 48 hours.Results: Our results show that both the commercially available unpreserved mono-dose preparation of azithromycin and ophthalmic preparations of azithromycin up to a concentration of 1.5% were virtually devoid of harmful effects under our experimental conditions. This was not significantly different from the results obtained for the other antibiotic preparations (P > 0.05) tested, but was unlike the results obtained for BAK. Azithromycin 1.5% also showed good recovery properties after a mechanical wound test.Conclusion: Under our experimental conditions, unpreserved azithromycin 1.5% showed a much lower toxicity than BAK and did not interfere with the wound-healing process.Keywords: macrolides, toxicity, corneal epithelial cell culture, wound healing, preservative, benzalkonium chlorideMencucci RPellegrini-Giampietro DEPaladini IFavuzza EMenchini UScartabelli TDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 965-971 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Mencucci R Pellegrini-Giampietro DE Paladini I Favuzza E Menchini U Scartabelli T Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
description	Rita Mencucci,1 Domenico E Pellegrini-Giampietro,2 Iacopo Paladini,1 Eleonora Favuzza,1 Ugo Menchini,1 Tania Scartabelli21Department of Specialized Surgical Science – Eye Clinic, 2Department of Health Science Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyPurpose: To compare the cytotoxic effects of preservative-free azithromycin on corneal epithelial cells in vivo with those of preservative-free netilmicin and levofloxacin, and the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAK).Methods: Rabbit corneal epithelial cells in vitro were incubated for 15 minutes or 6 hours with commercially available ophthalmic preservative-free netilmicin 0.3%, levofloxacin 0.3%, or azithromycin 1.5% preparations or different concentrations of unpreserved azithromycin and different concentrations of BAK. Qualitative analysis was undertaken using phase-contrast optics to examine the morphological aspects of cell cultures and quantitative analysis was undertaken by measuring the release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase into the medium immediately and 24 hours after exposure to drugs. Finally, we observed the wound-healing rate of mechanically injured corneal epithelial cells exposed to each antibiotic ophthalmic preparation for 48 hours.Results: Our results show that both the commercially available unpreserved mono-dose preparation of azithromycin and ophthalmic preparations of azithromycin up to a concentration of 1.5% were virtually devoid of harmful effects under our experimental conditions. This was not significantly different from the results obtained for the other antibiotic preparations (P > 0.05) tested, but was unlike the results obtained for BAK. Azithromycin 1.5% also showed good recovery properties after a mechanical wound test.Conclusion: Under our experimental conditions, unpreserved azithromycin 1.5% showed a much lower toxicity than BAK and did not interfere with the wound-healing process.Keywords: macrolides, toxicity, corneal epithelial cell culture, wound healing, preservative, benzalkonium chloride
format	article
author	Mencucci R Pellegrini-Giampietro DE Paladini I Favuzza E Menchini U Scartabelli T
author_facet	Mencucci R Pellegrini-Giampietro DE Paladini I Favuzza E Menchini U Scartabelli T
author_sort	Mencucci R
title	Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
title_short	Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
title_full	Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
title_fullStr	Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
title_full_unstemmed	Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
title_sort	azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/a87b4e0dd3bf4924b8790d9b1362b1fa
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Azithromycin: assessment of intrinsic cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelial cell cultures

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