Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.

Multilevel selection has been indicated as an essential factor for the evolution of complexity in interacting RNA-like replicator systems. There are two types of multilevel selection mechanisms: implicit and explicit. For implicit multilevel selection, spatial self-organization of replicator populat...

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Autores principales:	Nobuto Takeuchi, Paulien Hogeweg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a898973a12994566b03b54e92018508a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a898973a12994566b03b54e92018508a2021-11-25T05:42:54ZMultilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1000542https://doaj.org/article/a898973a12994566b03b54e92018508a2009-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19834556/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Multilevel selection has been indicated as an essential factor for the evolution of complexity in interacting RNA-like replicator systems. There are two types of multilevel selection mechanisms: implicit and explicit. For implicit multilevel selection, spatial self-organization of replicator populations has been suggested, which leads to higher level selection among emergent mesoscopic spatial patterns (traveling waves). For explicit multilevel selection, compartmentalization of replicators by vesicles has been suggested, which leads to higher level evolutionary dynamics among explicitly imposed mesoscopic entities (protocells). Historically, these mechanisms have been given separate consideration for the interests on its own. Here, we make a direct comparison between spatial self-organization and compartmentalization in simulated RNA-like replicator systems. Firstly, we show that both mechanisms achieve the macroscopic stability of a replicator system through the evolutionary dynamics on mesoscopic entities that counteract that of microscopic entities. Secondly, we show that a striking difference exists between the two mechanisms regarding their possible influence on the long-term evolutionary dynamics, which happens under an emergent trade-off situation arising from the multilevel selection. The difference is explained in terms of the difference in the stability between self-organized mesoscopic entities and externally imposed mesoscopic entities. Thirdly, we show that a sharp transition happens in the long-term evolutionary dynamics of the compartmentalized system as a function of replicator mutation rate. Fourthly, the results imply that spatial self-organization can allow the evolution of stable folding in parasitic replicators without any specific functionality in the folding itself. Finally, the results are discussed in relation to the experimental synthesis of chemical Darwinian systems and to the multilevel selection theory of evolutionary biology in general. To conclude, novel evolutionary directions can emerge through interactions between the evolutionary dynamics on multiple levels of organization. Different multilevel selection mechanisms can produce a difference in the long-term evolutionary trend of identical microscopic entities.Nobuto TakeuchiPaulien HogewegPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 5, Iss 10, p e1000542 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Nobuto Takeuchi Paulien Hogeweg Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
description	Multilevel selection has been indicated as an essential factor for the evolution of complexity in interacting RNA-like replicator systems. There are two types of multilevel selection mechanisms: implicit and explicit. For implicit multilevel selection, spatial self-organization of replicator populations has been suggested, which leads to higher level selection among emergent mesoscopic spatial patterns (traveling waves). For explicit multilevel selection, compartmentalization of replicators by vesicles has been suggested, which leads to higher level evolutionary dynamics among explicitly imposed mesoscopic entities (protocells). Historically, these mechanisms have been given separate consideration for the interests on its own. Here, we make a direct comparison between spatial self-organization and compartmentalization in simulated RNA-like replicator systems. Firstly, we show that both mechanisms achieve the macroscopic stability of a replicator system through the evolutionary dynamics on mesoscopic entities that counteract that of microscopic entities. Secondly, we show that a striking difference exists between the two mechanisms regarding their possible influence on the long-term evolutionary dynamics, which happens under an emergent trade-off situation arising from the multilevel selection. The difference is explained in terms of the difference in the stability between self-organized mesoscopic entities and externally imposed mesoscopic entities. Thirdly, we show that a sharp transition happens in the long-term evolutionary dynamics of the compartmentalized system as a function of replicator mutation rate. Fourthly, the results imply that spatial self-organization can allow the evolution of stable folding in parasitic replicators without any specific functionality in the folding itself. Finally, the results are discussed in relation to the experimental synthesis of chemical Darwinian systems and to the multilevel selection theory of evolutionary biology in general. To conclude, novel evolutionary directions can emerge through interactions between the evolutionary dynamics on multiple levels of organization. Different multilevel selection mechanisms can produce a difference in the long-term evolutionary trend of identical microscopic entities.
format	article
author	Nobuto Takeuchi Paulien Hogeweg
author_facet	Nobuto Takeuchi Paulien Hogeweg
author_sort	Nobuto Takeuchi
title	Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
title_short	Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
title_full	Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
title_fullStr	Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
title_full_unstemmed	Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
title_sort	multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution ii: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/a898973a12994566b03b54e92018508a
work_keys_str_mv	AT nobutotakeuchi multilevelselectioninmodelsofprebioticevolutioniiadirectcomparisonofcompartmentalizationandspatialselforganization AT paulienhogeweg multilevelselectioninmodelsofprebioticevolutioniiadirectcomparisonofcompartmentalizationandspatialselforganization
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Multilevel selection in models of prebiotic evolution II: a direct comparison of compartmentalization and spatial self-organization.

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