Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma

Peeyush Chandra1, Ajit Gaur1, Shambhu Varma21Chandra Eye Research Institute, Allahabad, UP, India; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAPurpose: Coffee and tea are very common nonalcoholic beverages. However, their intake, par...

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Autores principales:	Chandra P, Gaur A, Varma S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2011
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a8a4ce6cfffa452391966a5994660f94
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a8a4ce6cfffa452391966a5994660f942021-12-02T00:51:45ZEffect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/a8a4ce6cfffa452391966a5994660f942011-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-caffeine-on-the-intraocular-pressure-in-patients-with-primar-a8674https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Peeyush Chandra1, Ajit Gaur1, Shambhu Varma21Chandra Eye Research Institute, Allahabad, UP, India; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAPurpose: Coffee and tea are very common nonalcoholic beverages. However, their intake, particularly that of coffee, has been suggested to increase intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension. The causative agent has been suggested to be their caffeine content. The objective of this study was to determine if this represents a direct caffeine effect. This study was therefore done using pure caffeine applied directly to the eyes.Methods: The study was conducted with five human volunteers with open angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension. IOP was measured using a Perkins applanation tonometer. Eye drops of 1% caffeine were prepared in-home. Following the initial (basal) measurement of the IOP, 50 &micro;L of the eye drop preparation was instilled in the eye at 0-, 4-, and 6-hour intervals. IOPs were measured 30 minutes after each instillation. A second study was also undertaken following the first. In this study, the same patients instilled the eye drops three times per day for 1 week at home and then returned to the clinic on day 7. They were then again treated with caffeine eye drops as above and IOPs measured.Results: In the 1-day study, the mean basal IOP was 23.6 &plusmn; 2.80 mmHg. Thirty minutes after instillation of the drops as described, the pressures were 23.2 &plusmn; 1.93, 22.2 &plusmn; 1.99, and 22.6 &plusmn; 2.31. The basal reading was taken at 10 am and another reading was then taken at 10.30 am. Additional eye drops were instilled at 2 and 8 pm and readings taken 30 minutes after each instillation. In the 1 week study, the basal value was 22.6 &plusmn; 2.32. After instillation of the drops as above the values were 23 &plusmn; 2.16, 22.4 &plusmn; 2.27, and 23 &plusmn; 1.94.Conclusion: Administration of caffeine into the eyes of patients did not have any effect on IOP and it remained relatively unchanged. This was true in the 1-day study as well as in the 1-week study. A cumulative effect was not visible. The results therefore demonstrate that caffeine has no significant effect on IOP in patients with glaucoma. Any effects reported in coffee drinkers may therefore be related to other constituents in coffee, known to be generated pyrolytically from endogenous constituents of coffee beans by roasting at relatively high temperature, combined with the osmotic effects imposed by adequate fluid intake, known to be common in glaucoma patients.Keywords: caffeine, open angle glaucoma, intraocular pressure, ocular hypertensionChandra PGaur AVarma SDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2011, Iss default, Pp 1623-1629 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Chandra P Gaur A Varma S Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
description	Peeyush Chandra1, Ajit Gaur1, Shambhu Varma21Chandra Eye Research Institute, Allahabad, UP, India; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAPurpose: Coffee and tea are very common nonalcoholic beverages. However, their intake, particularly that of coffee, has been suggested to increase intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension. The causative agent has been suggested to be their caffeine content. The objective of this study was to determine if this represents a direct caffeine effect. This study was therefore done using pure caffeine applied directly to the eyes.Methods: The study was conducted with five human volunteers with open angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension. IOP was measured using a Perkins applanation tonometer. Eye drops of 1% caffeine were prepared in-home. Following the initial (basal) measurement of the IOP, 50 &micro;L of the eye drop preparation was instilled in the eye at 0-, 4-, and 6-hour intervals. IOPs were measured 30 minutes after each instillation. A second study was also undertaken following the first. In this study, the same patients instilled the eye drops three times per day for 1 week at home and then returned to the clinic on day 7. They were then again treated with caffeine eye drops as above and IOPs measured.Results: In the 1-day study, the mean basal IOP was 23.6 &plusmn; 2.80 mmHg. Thirty minutes after instillation of the drops as described, the pressures were 23.2 &plusmn; 1.93, 22.2 &plusmn; 1.99, and 22.6 &plusmn; 2.31. The basal reading was taken at 10 am and another reading was then taken at 10.30 am. Additional eye drops were instilled at 2 and 8 pm and readings taken 30 minutes after each instillation. In the 1 week study, the basal value was 22.6 &plusmn; 2.32. After instillation of the drops as above the values were 23 &plusmn; 2.16, 22.4 &plusmn; 2.27, and 23 &plusmn; 1.94.Conclusion: Administration of caffeine into the eyes of patients did not have any effect on IOP and it remained relatively unchanged. This was true in the 1-day study as well as in the 1-week study. A cumulative effect was not visible. The results therefore demonstrate that caffeine has no significant effect on IOP in patients with glaucoma. Any effects reported in coffee drinkers may therefore be related to other constituents in coffee, known to be generated pyrolytically from endogenous constituents of coffee beans by roasting at relatively high temperature, combined with the osmotic effects imposed by adequate fluid intake, known to be common in glaucoma patients.Keywords: caffeine, open angle glaucoma, intraocular pressure, ocular hypertension
format	article
author	Chandra P Gaur A Varma S
author_facet	Chandra P Gaur A Varma S
author_sort	Chandra P
title	Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
title_short	Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
title_full	Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
title_fullStr	Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
title_sort	effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/a8a4ce6cfffa452391966a5994660f94
work_keys_str_mv	AT chandrap effectofcaffeineontheintraocularpressureinpatientswithprimaryopenangleglaucoma AT gaura effectofcaffeineontheintraocularpressureinpatientswithprimaryopenangleglaucoma AT varmas effectofcaffeineontheintraocularpressureinpatientswithprimaryopenangleglaucoma
_version_	1718403458630942720

Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma

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