Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes

In plants, α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is considered a dithiol short-chain fatty acid with several strong antioxidative properties. To date, no data are conclusive regarding its effects as an exogenous application on salt stressed sorghum plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of 20 µM ALA as a f...

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Autores principales:	Montaser H. M. Youssef, Aly Raafat, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied, Samy Selim, Ehab Azab, Ebtihal Khojah, Nihal El Nahhas, Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. moench α-lipoic acid salinity transporter proteins and oxidative stress Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a8bac72b92274f4992b950bacd68e91e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a8bac72b92274f4992b950bacd68e91e2021-11-25T18:47:19ZExogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes10.3390/plants101125192223-7747https://doaj.org/article/a8bac72b92274f4992b950bacd68e91e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2519https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747In plants, α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is considered a dithiol short-chain fatty acid with several strong antioxidative properties. To date, no data are conclusive regarding its effects as an exogenous application on salt stressed sorghum plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of 20 µM ALA as a foliar application on salt-stressed sorghum plants (0, 75 and 150 mM as NaCl). Under saline conditions, the applied-ALA significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) stimulated plant growth, indicated by improving both fresh and dry shoot weights. A similar trend was observed in the photosynthetic pigments, including Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids. This improvement was associated with an obvious increase in the membrane stability index (MSI). At the same time, an obvious decrease in the salt induced oxidative damages was seen when the concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in the salt stressed leaf tissues. Generally, ALA-treated plants demonstrated higher antioxidant enzyme activity than in the ALA-untreated plants. A moderate level of salinity (75 mM) induced the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Meanwhile, the highest activity of catalase (CAT) was seen with 150 mM NaCl. Interestingly, applied-ALA led to a substantial decrease in the concentration of both Na and the Na/K ratio. In contrast, K and Ca exhibited a considerable increase in this respect. The role of ALA in the regulation of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> selectivity under saline condition was confirmed through a molecular study (RT-PCR). It was found that ALA treatment downregulated the relative gene expression of plasma membrane (SOS1) and vacuolar (NHX1) Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporters. In contrast, the high-affinity potassium transporter protein (HKT1) was upregulated.Montaser H. M. YoussefAly RaafatAhmed Abou El-YaziedSamy SelimEhab AzabEbtihal KhojahNihal El NahhasMohamed F. M. IbrahimMDPI AGarticle<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. moenchα-lipoic acidsalinitytransporter proteins and oxidative stressBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2519, p 2519 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. moench α-lipoic acid salinity transporter proteins and oxidative stress Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. moench α-lipoic acid salinity transporter proteins and oxidative stress Botany QK1-989 Montaser H. M. Youssef Aly Raafat Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Samy Selim Ehab Azab Ebtihal Khojah Nihal El Nahhas Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
description	In plants, α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is considered a dithiol short-chain fatty acid with several strong antioxidative properties. To date, no data are conclusive regarding its effects as an exogenous application on salt stressed sorghum plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of 20 µM ALA as a foliar application on salt-stressed sorghum plants (0, 75 and 150 mM as NaCl). Under saline conditions, the applied-ALA significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) stimulated plant growth, indicated by improving both fresh and dry shoot weights. A similar trend was observed in the photosynthetic pigments, including Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids. This improvement was associated with an obvious increase in the membrane stability index (MSI). At the same time, an obvious decrease in the salt induced oxidative damages was seen when the concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in the salt stressed leaf tissues. Generally, ALA-treated plants demonstrated higher antioxidant enzyme activity than in the ALA-untreated plants. A moderate level of salinity (75 mM) induced the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Meanwhile, the highest activity of catalase (CAT) was seen with 150 mM NaCl. Interestingly, applied-ALA led to a substantial decrease in the concentration of both Na and the Na/K ratio. In contrast, K and Ca exhibited a considerable increase in this respect. The role of ALA in the regulation of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> selectivity under saline condition was confirmed through a molecular study (RT-PCR). It was found that ALA treatment downregulated the relative gene expression of plasma membrane (SOS1) and vacuolar (NHX1) Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporters. In contrast, the high-affinity potassium transporter protein (HKT1) was upregulated.
format	article
author	Montaser H. M. Youssef Aly Raafat Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Samy Selim Ehab Azab Ebtihal Khojah Nihal El Nahhas Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
author_facet	Montaser H. M. Youssef Aly Raafat Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Samy Selim Ehab Azab Ebtihal Khojah Nihal El Nahhas Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
author_sort	Montaser H. M. Youssef
title	Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
title_short	Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
title_full	Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
title_fullStr	Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
title_full_unstemmed	Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes
title_sort	exogenous application of alpha-lipoic acid mitigates salt-induced oxidative damage in sorghum plants through regulation growth, leaf pigments, ionic homeostasis, antioxidant enzymes, and expression of salt stress responsive genes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a8bac72b92274f4992b950bacd68e91e
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Exogenous Application of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mitigates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Sorghum Plants through Regulation Growth, Leaf Pigments, Ionic Homeostasis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Expression of Salt Stress Responsive Genes

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