Histomorphological Spectrum of Gonadal and Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumours at a Tertiary Cancer Centre in Southern Rajasthan, India
Introduction: Germ Cell Tumours (GCT) are heterogenous tumours believed to arise from primordial germ cells. The GCT predominantly affects gonads (testis and ovary) and also involves extragonadal sites, characteristically locations along midline of the body. The GCT of testis, ovary and extragon...
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/a9101c94aa1b4186b66798fac60dee24 |
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| Sumario: | Introduction: Germ Cell Tumours (GCT) are heterogenous
tumours believed to arise from primordial germ cells. The GCT
predominantly affects gonads (testis and ovary) and also involves
extragonadal sites, characteristically locations along midline of
the body. The GCT of testis, ovary and extragonadal sites show
peculiar histomorphological features and types subject to the
age and site of patient. Definite histopathological typing of GCT
is of vital importance to decide the further treatment. Till now,
very few studies have been conducted in India on GCT of gonads
and extragonadal sites.
Aim: To study the pathologic findings of GCT including macroscopic
and microscopic features and to classify the tumours according to
latest World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of GCT for
designated site of origin.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted
including 141 cases of GCT of all sites, diagnosed at a tertiary cancer
centre in Udaipur, Rajasthan, India between January 2016 to April
2021. Data were collected regarding demographic, clinical, gross
and histopathological details. Results were analysed using Statistical
Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 21.0. method.
Results: Germinal cell tumours shows various age ranges for
different site of origin. Ovarian GCT age varies from seven years
to 65 years. Age group of testicular GCT varies from 1-55 years.
Extragonadal GCT (EG GCT) was seen as early as in four-day-old
newborn. Out of 141 cases, 103 were ovarian, 21 were testicular
and 17 were EG GCT cases. Most common ovarian GCT is
Mature Teratoma (MT) (85 cases, 82.53%) and most common
malignant ovarian GCT is dysgerminoma (9 cases, 8.74%). Most
common testicular GCT type is Malignant Mixed GCT (MM GCT)
(9 cases, 42.86%) followed by seminoma (5 cases, 23.81%) and
Yolk Sac Tumours (YST) (3 cases, 14.29%). EG GCT involves
retroperitoneum (5 cases, 29.41%), anterior mediastinum (4 cases,
23.53%), Sacrococcyx (3 cases, 17.65%) and Central Nervous
System (CNS) (2 cases, 11.76%) with most common EG GCT is
teratoma (9 cases, 52.94%)
Conclusion: Gonadal and extragonadal GCT share many common
tumours, albeit, distinctive site-specific histopathological findings
also present. These features often complicate the definitive diagnosis
of GCT for pathologists, specifically in cases of MM GCT. |
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