Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19

Background: Efficient healthcare based on prognostic variables in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 could reduce the risk of complications and death. Recently, soluble urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) was shown to predict respiratory failure, kidney injury, and clinical outcome in...

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Autores principales:	Helena Enocsson, Cornelia Idoff, Annette Gustafsson, Melissa Govender, Francis Hopkins, Marie Larsson, Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Johanna Sjöwall
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	suPAR COVID-19 biomarker disease severity respiratory failure length of hospital stay Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a986ea9b787f4045a1f4051395375ba9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a986ea9b787f4045a1f4051395375ba92021-12-02T09:02:28ZSoluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-192296-858X10.3389/fmed.2021.791716https://doaj.org/article/a986ea9b787f4045a1f4051395375ba92021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.791716/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-858XBackground: Efficient healthcare based on prognostic variables in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 could reduce the risk of complications and death. Recently, soluble urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) was shown to predict respiratory failure, kidney injury, and clinical outcome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of suPAR as a prognostic tool, in comparison with other variables, regarding disease severity and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19.Patients and Methods: Individuals hospitalised with COVID-19 (40 males, 20 females; median age 57.5 years) with a median symptom duration of 10 days and matched, healthy controls (n = 30) were included. Admission levels of suPAR were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood cell counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rates were analysed and oxygen demand, level of care and length of hospitalisation recorded.Results: Patients had significantly higher suPAR levels compared to controls (P < 0.001). Levels were higher in severely/critically (median 6.6 ng/mL) compared with moderately ill patients (median 5.0 ng/mL; P = 0.002). In addition, suPAR levels correlated with length of hospitalisation (rho = 0.35; P = 0.006). Besides suPAR, LDH, CRP, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-monocyte and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, body mass index and chronic renal failure were discriminators of COVID-19 severity and/or predictors of length of hospitalisation.Conclusion: Admission levels of suPAR were higher in patients who developed severe/critical COVID-19 and associated with length of hospital stay. In addition, we showed that suPAR functioned as an independent predictor of COVID-19 disease severity.Helena EnocssonCornelia IdoffAnnette GustafssonMelissa GovenderFrancis HopkinsMarie LarssonÅsa Nilsdotter-AugustinssonJohanna SjöwallJohanna SjöwallFrontiers Media S.A.articlesuPARCOVID-19biomarkerdisease severityrespiratory failurelength of hospital stayMedicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	suPAR COVID-19 biomarker disease severity respiratory failure length of hospital stay Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	suPAR COVID-19 biomarker disease severity respiratory failure length of hospital stay Medicine (General) R5-920 Helena Enocsson Cornelia Idoff Annette Gustafsson Melissa Govender Francis Hopkins Marie Larsson Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Johanna Sjöwall Johanna Sjöwall Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
description	Background: Efficient healthcare based on prognostic variables in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 could reduce the risk of complications and death. Recently, soluble urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) was shown to predict respiratory failure, kidney injury, and clinical outcome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of suPAR as a prognostic tool, in comparison with other variables, regarding disease severity and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19.Patients and Methods: Individuals hospitalised with COVID-19 (40 males, 20 females; median age 57.5 years) with a median symptom duration of 10 days and matched, healthy controls (n = 30) were included. Admission levels of suPAR were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood cell counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rates were analysed and oxygen demand, level of care and length of hospitalisation recorded.Results: Patients had significantly higher suPAR levels compared to controls (P < 0.001). Levels were higher in severely/critically (median 6.6 ng/mL) compared with moderately ill patients (median 5.0 ng/mL; P = 0.002). In addition, suPAR levels correlated with length of hospitalisation (rho = 0.35; P = 0.006). Besides suPAR, LDH, CRP, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-monocyte and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, body mass index and chronic renal failure were discriminators of COVID-19 severity and/or predictors of length of hospitalisation.Conclusion: Admission levels of suPAR were higher in patients who developed severe/critical COVID-19 and associated with length of hospital stay. In addition, we showed that suPAR functioned as an independent predictor of COVID-19 disease severity.
format	article
author	Helena Enocsson Cornelia Idoff Annette Gustafsson Melissa Govender Francis Hopkins Marie Larsson Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Johanna Sjöwall Johanna Sjöwall
author_facet	Helena Enocsson Cornelia Idoff Annette Gustafsson Melissa Govender Francis Hopkins Marie Larsson Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Johanna Sjöwall Johanna Sjöwall
author_sort	Helena Enocsson
title	Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
title_short	Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
title_full	Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
title_fullStr	Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed	Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19
title_sort	soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (supar) independently predicts severity and length of hospitalisation in patients with covid-19
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a986ea9b787f4045a1f4051395375ba9
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Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Independently Predicts Severity and Length of Hospitalisation in Patients With COVID-19

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