Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells
The energy conversion efficiency (ECE) (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>η</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>), current density (<i>J<sub>sc</sub&g...
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oai:doaj.org-article:a99ef1155dc34ffebdfe2c75999d689b2021-11-25T17:54:36ZOptimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells10.3390/ijms2222122351422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/a99ef1155dc34ffebdfe2c75999d689b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12235https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The energy conversion efficiency (ECE) (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>η</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>), current density (<i>J<sub>sc</sub></i>), open-circuit voltage (<i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>), and fill factor (<i>ff</i>) of perovskite solar cells were studied by using the transmittance of a nanopatterned mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> (mp-TiO<sub>2</sub>) thin-film layer. To improve the ECE of perovskite solar cells, a mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer was prepared to be used as an electron transport layer (ETL) via the nanoimprinting method for nanopatterning, which was controlled by the aspect ratio. The nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer had a uniform and well-designed structure, and the diameter of nanopatterning was 280 nm. The aspect ratio was controlled at the depths of 75, 97, 127, and 167 nm, and the perovskite solar cell was fabricated with different depths. The ECE of the perovskite solar cells with the nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer was 14.50%, 15.30%, 15.83%, or 14.24%, which is higher than that of a non-nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer (14.07%). The enhancement of ECE was attributed to the transmittance of the nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer that is due to the improvement of the electron generation. As a result, better electron generation affected the electron density, and <i>J<sub>sc</sub></i> increased the <i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>, and <i>ff</i> of perovskite solar cells.Hwa-Young YangAna ChuquerSeung-Hee HanGangasagar Sharma GaudelXuan-Hung PhamHyung-Mo KimWon-Ju YunBong-Hyun JunWon-Yeop RhoMDPI AGarticleperovskite solar cellnanopatternaspect ratiotransmittanceBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12235, p 12235 (2021) |
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perovskite solar cell nanopattern aspect ratio transmittance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 |
| spellingShingle |
perovskite solar cell nanopattern aspect ratio transmittance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Hwa-Young Yang Ana Chuquer Seung-Hee Han Gangasagar Sharma Gaudel Xuan-Hung Pham Hyung-Mo Kim Won-Ju Yun Bong-Hyun Jun Won-Yeop Rho Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| description |
The energy conversion efficiency (ECE) (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>η</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>), current density (<i>J<sub>sc</sub></i>), open-circuit voltage (<i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>), and fill factor (<i>ff</i>) of perovskite solar cells were studied by using the transmittance of a nanopatterned mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> (mp-TiO<sub>2</sub>) thin-film layer. To improve the ECE of perovskite solar cells, a mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer was prepared to be used as an electron transport layer (ETL) via the nanoimprinting method for nanopatterning, which was controlled by the aspect ratio. The nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer had a uniform and well-designed structure, and the diameter of nanopatterning was 280 nm. The aspect ratio was controlled at the depths of 75, 97, 127, and 167 nm, and the perovskite solar cell was fabricated with different depths. The ECE of the perovskite solar cells with the nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer was 14.50%, 15.30%, 15.83%, or 14.24%, which is higher than that of a non-nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer (14.07%). The enhancement of ECE was attributed to the transmittance of the nanopatterned mp-TiO<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer that is due to the improvement of the electron generation. As a result, better electron generation affected the electron density, and <i>J<sub>sc</sub></i> increased the <i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>, and <i>ff</i> of perovskite solar cells. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Hwa-Young Yang Ana Chuquer Seung-Hee Han Gangasagar Sharma Gaudel Xuan-Hung Pham Hyung-Mo Kim Won-Ju Yun Bong-Hyun Jun Won-Yeop Rho |
| author_facet |
Hwa-Young Yang Ana Chuquer Seung-Hee Han Gangasagar Sharma Gaudel Xuan-Hung Pham Hyung-Mo Kim Won-Ju Yun Bong-Hyun Jun Won-Yeop Rho |
| author_sort |
Hwa-Young Yang |
| title |
Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_short |
Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_full |
Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_fullStr |
Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Optimizing the Aspect Ratio of Nanopatterned Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin-Film Layer to Improve Energy Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_sort |
optimizing the aspect ratio of nanopatterned mesoporous tio<sub>2</sub> thin-film layer to improve energy conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/a99ef1155dc34ffebdfe2c75999d689b |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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1718411879483703296 |