Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is one of the most important infectious diseases of the central nervous system in dogs from endemic areas. While in humans survival rate and long-term outcomes are well described, these data are lacking in veterinary literature. The aim of the present paper is to charac...

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Autores principales: Christina Kleeb, Lorenzo Golini, Katrin Beckmann, Paul Torgerson, Frank Steffen
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Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
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dog
TBE
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:a9d41e21708f4cfe92ca28ad899ba9322021-11-10T06:12:45ZCanine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)2297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.782044https://doaj.org/article/a9d41e21708f4cfe92ca28ad899ba9322021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.782044/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is one of the most important infectious diseases of the central nervous system in dogs from endemic areas. While in humans survival rate and long-term outcomes are well described, these data are lacking in veterinary literature. The aim of the present paper is to characterize the clinical aspects of TBE and to investigate fatality rate, long-term outcome and the long-term neurological sequelae in a population of dogs infected with TBE. We performed a retrospective analysis of 54 dogs diagnosed with TBE at the veterinary hospital of the University of Zurich between 1999 and 2016. Medical data such as signalment, clinical presentation, results of diagnostic procedures, treatment and outcome were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis including a cox proportional hazard model using a backward stepwise regression approach was performed. In 62% of the TBE cases unspecific signs were described before the onset of neurological signs, resembling a biphasic appearance that is well known in human TBE. Case fatality rate was 33% and all dogs died within the first 4 months after diagnosis. Long-term neurological sequalae were detected in 17% of the TBE cases. For each day of clinical signs before hospital entry the odds of sequalae increased by a factor of 1.88 (CI 1.04–3.15). Older dogs and dogs presented with seizure activity had an increased hazard risk of death (Hazard ration = 1.2, p = 0.03; and 9.38, p = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, despite TBE being a life-threatening disease with severe clinical signs, the survival rate in our study was 67%. However, long-term sequalae can be of concern especially in dogs with longer clinical course.Christina KleebChristina KleebLorenzo GoliniKatrin BeckmannPaul TorgersonFrank SteffenFrontiers Media S.A.articledogTBEmeningoencephalomyelitisoutcomecervical weaknessneurological sequelaeVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic dog
TBE
meningoencephalomyelitis
outcome
cervical weakness
neurological sequelae
Veterinary medicine
SF600-1100
spellingShingle dog
TBE
meningoencephalomyelitis
outcome
cervical weakness
neurological sequelae
Veterinary medicine
SF600-1100
Christina Kleeb
Christina Kleeb
Lorenzo Golini
Katrin Beckmann
Paul Torgerson
Frank Steffen
Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
description Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is one of the most important infectious diseases of the central nervous system in dogs from endemic areas. While in humans survival rate and long-term outcomes are well described, these data are lacking in veterinary literature. The aim of the present paper is to characterize the clinical aspects of TBE and to investigate fatality rate, long-term outcome and the long-term neurological sequelae in a population of dogs infected with TBE. We performed a retrospective analysis of 54 dogs diagnosed with TBE at the veterinary hospital of the University of Zurich between 1999 and 2016. Medical data such as signalment, clinical presentation, results of diagnostic procedures, treatment and outcome were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis including a cox proportional hazard model using a backward stepwise regression approach was performed. In 62% of the TBE cases unspecific signs were described before the onset of neurological signs, resembling a biphasic appearance that is well known in human TBE. Case fatality rate was 33% and all dogs died within the first 4 months after diagnosis. Long-term neurological sequalae were detected in 17% of the TBE cases. For each day of clinical signs before hospital entry the odds of sequalae increased by a factor of 1.88 (CI 1.04–3.15). Older dogs and dogs presented with seizure activity had an increased hazard risk of death (Hazard ration = 1.2, p = 0.03; and 9.38, p = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, despite TBE being a life-threatening disease with severe clinical signs, the survival rate in our study was 67%. However, long-term sequalae can be of concern especially in dogs with longer clinical course.
format article
author Christina Kleeb
Christina Kleeb
Lorenzo Golini
Katrin Beckmann
Paul Torgerson
Frank Steffen
author_facet Christina Kleeb
Christina Kleeb
Lorenzo Golini
Katrin Beckmann
Paul Torgerson
Frank Steffen
author_sort Christina Kleeb
title Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
title_short Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
title_full Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
title_fullStr Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
title_full_unstemmed Canine Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Clinical Features, Survival Rate and Neurological Sequelae: A Retrospective Study of 54 Cases (1999–2016)
title_sort canine tick-borne encephalitis: clinical features, survival rate and neurological sequelae: a retrospective study of 54 cases (1999–2016)
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/a9d41e21708f4cfe92ca28ad899ba932
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