Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study

Madeleine Parent-Vachon, Pascal Vachon Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada Background: In mice, chronic pain can be alleviated with enriched environments (EEs). The purpose of this preliminary study is to i...

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Autores principales:	Parent-Vachon M, Vachon P
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	environmental enrichment spare nerve injury neuropathy chronic pain rats Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a9e2b5f3431042caa578164e54bcaea5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a9e2b5f3431042caa578164e54bcaea52021-12-02T05:10:22ZEnvironmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study2230-2034https://doaj.org/article/a9e2b5f3431042caa578164e54bcaea52018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/environmental-enrichment-alleviates-chronic-pain-in-rats-following-a-s-peer-reviewed-article-VMRRhttps://doaj.org/toc/2230-2034Madeleine Parent-Vachon, Pascal Vachon Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada Background: In mice, chronic pain can be alleviated with enriched environments (EEs). The purpose of this preliminary study is to investigate whether pain behaviors in rats with peripheral neuropathy would be altered when keeping these animals in either 1) standard laboratory cages or in 2) a significantly EE. Methods: Two groups of rats (n=8/group) underwent a spare nerve injury surgery of the right hind leg; one group (n=8) was returned to standard ventilated cages (2 rats/cage), the other (n=8) placed in an EE (8 rats/ferret cage with toys). A third group (n=8) underwent a sham surgery and was used as control. These animals were returned to standard ventilated cages (2 rats per cage). Spare nerve injury surgery consisted of ligation/transection of the tibial and common peroneal branches of the sciatic nerve of the right leg only. Von Frey Filaments were applied to test mechanical sensitivity of both hind paws. Results: The right paw of nerve-injured animals was hypersensitive to mechanical stimuli at 2, 4, and 8 weeks following the surgery; however, animals in the EE conditions showed significantly (P<0.05) less mechanical sensitivity than rats left in the standard caging environment (2, 4, and 8 weeks postsurgery: standard environment 2.8±0.5, 2.8±0.7, and 2.6±0.4 and EE 4.7±0.6, 5.8±0.5, and 5.5±0.7). Sham animals were unaffected by the surgery. Conclusion: Environmental enrichment alleviated mechanically induced chronic pain in a spared nerve injury rat model of neuropathic pain. Findings also suggest that environmental enrichment, as a method to alleviate pain, may be species-specific, motor behaviors being a very important parameter when considering pain modulation. Keywords: environmental enrichment, spare nerve injury, neuropathy, chronic pain, ratsParent-Vachon MVachon PDove Medical Pressarticleenvironmental enrichmentspare nerve injuryneuropathychronic painratsVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, Vol Volume 9, Pp 69-72 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	environmental enrichment spare nerve injury neuropathy chronic pain rats Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	environmental enrichment spare nerve injury neuropathy chronic pain rats Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Parent-Vachon M Vachon P Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
description	Madeleine Parent-Vachon, Pascal Vachon Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada Background: In mice, chronic pain can be alleviated with enriched environments (EEs). The purpose of this preliminary study is to investigate whether pain behaviors in rats with peripheral neuropathy would be altered when keeping these animals in either 1) standard laboratory cages or in 2) a significantly EE. Methods: Two groups of rats (n=8/group) underwent a spare nerve injury surgery of the right hind leg; one group (n=8) was returned to standard ventilated cages (2 rats/cage), the other (n=8) placed in an EE (8 rats/ferret cage with toys). A third group (n=8) underwent a sham surgery and was used as control. These animals were returned to standard ventilated cages (2 rats per cage). Spare nerve injury surgery consisted of ligation/transection of the tibial and common peroneal branches of the sciatic nerve of the right leg only. Von Frey Filaments were applied to test mechanical sensitivity of both hind paws. Results: The right paw of nerve-injured animals was hypersensitive to mechanical stimuli at 2, 4, and 8 weeks following the surgery; however, animals in the EE conditions showed significantly (P<0.05) less mechanical sensitivity than rats left in the standard caging environment (2, 4, and 8 weeks postsurgery: standard environment 2.8±0.5, 2.8±0.7, and 2.6±0.4 and EE 4.7±0.6, 5.8±0.5, and 5.5±0.7). Sham animals were unaffected by the surgery. Conclusion: Environmental enrichment alleviated mechanically induced chronic pain in a spared nerve injury rat model of neuropathic pain. Findings also suggest that environmental enrichment, as a method to alleviate pain, may be species-specific, motor behaviors being a very important parameter when considering pain modulation. Keywords: environmental enrichment, spare nerve injury, neuropathy, chronic pain, rats
format	article
author	Parent-Vachon M Vachon P
author_facet	Parent-Vachon M Vachon P
author_sort	Parent-Vachon M
title	Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
title_short	Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
title_full	Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
title_fullStr	Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study
title_sort	environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. a preliminary study
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/a9e2b5f3431042caa578164e54bcaea5
work_keys_str_mv	AT parentvachonm environmentalenrichmentalleviateschronicpaininratsfollowingasparednerveinjurytoinduceneuropathicpainapreliminarystudy AT vachonp environmentalenrichmentalleviateschronicpaininratsfollowingasparednerveinjurytoinduceneuropathicpainapreliminarystudy
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Environmental enrichment alleviates chronic pain in rats following a spared nerve injury to induce neuropathic pain. A preliminary study

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