Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review

Optical techniques for recording and manipulating cellular electrophysiology have advanced rapidly in just a few decades. These developments allow for the analysis of cardiac cellular dynamics at multiple scales while largely overcoming the drawbacks associated with the use of electrodes. The recent...

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Autores principales:	M. Caroline Müllenbroich, Allen Kelly, Corey Acker, Gil Bub, Tobias Bruegmann, Anna Di Bona, Emilia Entcheva, Cecilia Ferrantini, Peter Kohl, Stephan E. Lehnart, Marco Mongillo, Camilla Parmeggiani, Claudia Richter, Philipp Sasse, Tania Zaglia, Leonardo Sacconi, Godfrey L. Smith
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	electrophysiology optogenetics heart arrhythmia fluorescence Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a9e4c73a9f3a472da2cc8abc80c6b389
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a9e4c73a9f3a472da2cc8abc80c6b3892021-11-18T08:26:42ZNovel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.769586https://doaj.org/article/a9e4c73a9f3a472da2cc8abc80c6b3892021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.769586/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XOptical techniques for recording and manipulating cellular electrophysiology have advanced rapidly in just a few decades. These developments allow for the analysis of cardiac cellular dynamics at multiple scales while largely overcoming the drawbacks associated with the use of electrodes. The recent advent of optogenetics opens up new possibilities for regional and tissue-level electrophysiological control and hold promise for future novel clinical applications. This article, which emerged from the international NOTICE workshop in 20181, reviews the state-of-the-art optical techniques used for cardiac electrophysiological research and the underlying biophysics. The design and performance of optical reporters and optogenetic actuators are reviewed along with limitations of current probes. The physics of light interaction with cardiac tissue is detailed and associated challenges with the use of optical sensors and actuators are presented. Case studies include the use of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and super-resolution microscopy to explore the micro-structure of cardiac cells and a review of two photon and light sheet technologies applied to cardiac tissue. The emergence of cardiac optogenetics is reviewed and the current work exploring the potential clinical use of optogenetics is also described. Approaches which combine optogenetic manipulation and optical voltage measurement are discussed, in terms of platforms that allow real-time manipulation of whole heart electrophysiology in open and closed-loop systems to study optimal ways to terminate spiral arrhythmias. The design and operation of optics-based approaches that allow high-throughput cardiac electrophysiological assays is presented. Finally, emerging techniques of photo-acoustic imaging and stress sensors are described along with strategies for future development and establishment of these techniques in mainstream electrophysiological research.M. Caroline MüllenbroichAllen KellyCorey AckerGil BubTobias BruegmannAnna Di BonaEmilia EntchevaCecilia FerrantiniPeter KohlStephan E. LehnartStephan E. LehnartStephan E. LehnartMarco MongilloMarco MongilloCamilla ParmeggianiClaudia RichterPhilipp SasseTania ZagliaTania ZagliaLeonardo SacconiLeonardo SacconiLeonardo SacconiGodfrey L. SmithFrontiers Media S.A.articleelectrophysiologyoptogeneticsheartarrhythmiafluorescencePhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electrophysiology optogenetics heart arrhythmia fluorescence Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	electrophysiology optogenetics heart arrhythmia fluorescence Physiology QP1-981 M. Caroline Müllenbroich Allen Kelly Corey Acker Gil Bub Tobias Bruegmann Anna Di Bona Emilia Entcheva Cecilia Ferrantini Peter Kohl Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Marco Mongillo Marco Mongillo Camilla Parmeggiani Claudia Richter Philipp Sasse Tania Zaglia Tania Zaglia Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Godfrey L. Smith Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
description	Optical techniques for recording and manipulating cellular electrophysiology have advanced rapidly in just a few decades. These developments allow for the analysis of cardiac cellular dynamics at multiple scales while largely overcoming the drawbacks associated with the use of electrodes. The recent advent of optogenetics opens up new possibilities for regional and tissue-level electrophysiological control and hold promise for future novel clinical applications. This article, which emerged from the international NOTICE workshop in 20181, reviews the state-of-the-art optical techniques used for cardiac electrophysiological research and the underlying biophysics. The design and performance of optical reporters and optogenetic actuators are reviewed along with limitations of current probes. The physics of light interaction with cardiac tissue is detailed and associated challenges with the use of optical sensors and actuators are presented. Case studies include the use of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and super-resolution microscopy to explore the micro-structure of cardiac cells and a review of two photon and light sheet technologies applied to cardiac tissue. The emergence of cardiac optogenetics is reviewed and the current work exploring the potential clinical use of optogenetics is also described. Approaches which combine optogenetic manipulation and optical voltage measurement are discussed, in terms of platforms that allow real-time manipulation of whole heart electrophysiology in open and closed-loop systems to study optimal ways to terminate spiral arrhythmias. The design and operation of optics-based approaches that allow high-throughput cardiac electrophysiological assays is presented. Finally, emerging techniques of photo-acoustic imaging and stress sensors are described along with strategies for future development and establishment of these techniques in mainstream electrophysiological research.
format	article
author	M. Caroline Müllenbroich Allen Kelly Corey Acker Gil Bub Tobias Bruegmann Anna Di Bona Emilia Entcheva Cecilia Ferrantini Peter Kohl Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Marco Mongillo Marco Mongillo Camilla Parmeggiani Claudia Richter Philipp Sasse Tania Zaglia Tania Zaglia Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Godfrey L. Smith
author_facet	M. Caroline Müllenbroich Allen Kelly Corey Acker Gil Bub Tobias Bruegmann Anna Di Bona Emilia Entcheva Cecilia Ferrantini Peter Kohl Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Stephan E. Lehnart Marco Mongillo Marco Mongillo Camilla Parmeggiani Claudia Richter Philipp Sasse Tania Zaglia Tania Zaglia Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Leonardo Sacconi Godfrey L. Smith
author_sort	M. Caroline Müllenbroich
title	Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
title_short	Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
title_full	Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
title_fullStr	Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review
title_sort	novel optics-based approaches for cardiac electrophysiology: a review
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a9e4c73a9f3a472da2cc8abc80c6b389
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Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review

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