Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.

<h4>Background</h4>Antibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in...

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Autores principales:	Stephanie C Joachim, Oliver W Gramlich, Panagiotis Laspas, Heiko Schmid, Sabine Beck, Harald D von Pein, H Burkhard Dick, Norbert Pfeiffer, Franz H Grus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aa3a4161cce64d2a94245fc3fa16ad29
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aa3a4161cce64d2a94245fc3fa16ad292021-11-18T07:10:53ZRetinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0040616https://doaj.org/article/aa3a4161cce64d2a94245fc3fa16ad292012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22848388/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Antibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in rats.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Rats immunized with a retinal ganglion cell layer homogenate (RGA) had a reduced retinal ganglion cell density on retinal flatmounts (p = 0.007) and a lower number of Brn3(+) retinal ganglion cells (p = 0.0001) after six weeks. The autoreactive antibody development against retina and optic nerve was examined throughout the study. The levels of autoreactive antibodies continuously increased up to 6 weeks (retina: p = 0.004; optic nerve: p = 0.000003). Additionally, antibody deposits were detected in the retina (p = 0.02). After 6 weeks a reactive gliosis (GFAP density: RGA: 174.7±41.9; CO: 137.6±36.8, p = 0.0006; %GFAP(+) area: RGA: 8.5±3.4; CO: 5.9±3.6, p = 0.006) as well as elevated level of Iba1(+) microglia cells (p = 0.003) was observed in retinas of RGA animals.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our findings suggest that these antibodies play a substantial role in mechanisms leading to retinal ganglion cell death. This seems to lead to glia cell activation as well as the invasion of microglia, which might be associated with debris clearance.Stephanie C JoachimOliver W GramlichPanagiotis LaspasHeiko SchmidSabine BeckHarald D von PeinH Burkhard DickNorbert PfeifferFranz H GrusPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e40616 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stephanie C Joachim Oliver W Gramlich Panagiotis Laspas Heiko Schmid Sabine Beck Harald D von Pein H Burkhard Dick Norbert Pfeiffer Franz H Grus Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Antibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in rats.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Rats immunized with a retinal ganglion cell layer homogenate (RGA) had a reduced retinal ganglion cell density on retinal flatmounts (p = 0.007) and a lower number of Brn3(+) retinal ganglion cells (p = 0.0001) after six weeks. The autoreactive antibody development against retina and optic nerve was examined throughout the study. The levels of autoreactive antibodies continuously increased up to 6 weeks (retina: p = 0.004; optic nerve: p = 0.000003). Additionally, antibody deposits were detected in the retina (p = 0.02). After 6 weeks a reactive gliosis (GFAP density: RGA: 174.7±41.9; CO: 137.6±36.8, p = 0.0006; %GFAP(+) area: RGA: 8.5±3.4; CO: 5.9±3.6, p = 0.006) as well as elevated level of Iba1(+) microglia cells (p = 0.003) was observed in retinas of RGA animals.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our findings suggest that these antibodies play a substantial role in mechanisms leading to retinal ganglion cell death. This seems to lead to glia cell activation as well as the invasion of microglia, which might be associated with debris clearance.
format	article
author	Stephanie C Joachim Oliver W Gramlich Panagiotis Laspas Heiko Schmid Sabine Beck Harald D von Pein H Burkhard Dick Norbert Pfeiffer Franz H Grus
author_facet	Stephanie C Joachim Oliver W Gramlich Panagiotis Laspas Heiko Schmid Sabine Beck Harald D von Pein H Burkhard Dick Norbert Pfeiffer Franz H Grus
author_sort	Stephanie C Joachim
title	Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
title_short	Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
title_full	Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
title_fullStr	Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
title_full_unstemmed	Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
title_sort	retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/aa3a4161cce64d2a94245fc3fa16ad29
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Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.

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