The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data

<b>Purpose</b>: To investigate the effectiveness of flipping left corneas topography and analysethem quantitively along with fellow right corneas based on the assumption that they are mirror images of each other. <b>Methods</b>: The study involved scanning both eyes of 177 he...

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Autores principales:	Arwa Fathy, Bernardo T. Lopes, Renato Ambrósio, Richard Wu, Ahmed Abass
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	eye cornea contralateral eye fellow corneas mirror image parametric Mathematics QA1-939
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aa6e864588e14a2386f7fa68d3c119db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aa6e864588e14a2386f7fa68d3c119db2021-11-25T19:06:59ZThe Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data10.3390/sym131121322073-8994https://doaj.org/article/aa6e864588e14a2386f7fa68d3c119db2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/11/2132https://doaj.org/toc/2073-8994<b>Purpose</b>: To investigate the effectiveness of flipping left corneas topography and analysethem quantitively along with fellow right corneas based on the assumption that they are mirror images of each other. <b>Methods</b>: The study involved scanning both eyes of 177 healthy participants (aged 35.3 ± 15.8) and 75 keratoconic participants (aged 33.9 ± 17.8). Clinical tomography data were collected for both eyes using the Pentacam HR and processed by a fully automated custom-built MATLAB code. For every case, the right eye was used as a datum fixed surface while the left cornea was flipped around in the superior–inferior direction. In this position, the root-mean-squared difference (RMS) between the flipped left cornea and the right cornea was initially determined for both the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Next, the iterative closest point transformation algorithm was applied on the three-dimensional flipped cornea to allow the flipped left corneal anterior surface to translate and rotate, minimising the difference between it and the right corneal anterior surface. Then, the RMS differences were recalculated and compared. <b>Results</b>: A comparison of the dioptric powers showed a significant difference between the RMS of both the flipped left eyes and the right eyes in the healthy and the KC groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The RMS of the surfaces of the flipped left corneas and the right corneas was 0.6 ± 0.4 D among the healthy group and 4.1 ± 2.3 among the KC group. After transforming the flipped left corneas, the RMS was recorded as 0.5 ± 0.3 D and 2.4 ± 2 D among the healthy and KC groups, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although fellow eyes are highly related in their clinical parameters, they should be treated with care when one eye topography is flipped and processed with the other eye topography in an optic-related research analysis where translation might be needed. In KC, an asymmetric disease, it was observed that a portion of the asymmetry was due to a corneal apex shift interfering with the image acquisition. Therefore, transforming the flipped left eyes by rotation and translation results in a fairer comparison between the fellow KC corneas.Arwa FathyBernardo T. LopesRenato AmbrósioRichard WuAhmed AbassMDPI AGarticleeyecorneacontralateral eyefellow corneasmirror imageparametricMathematicsQA1-939ENSymmetry, Vol 13, Iss 2132, p 2132 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	eye cornea contralateral eye fellow corneas mirror image parametric Mathematics QA1-939
spellingShingle	eye cornea contralateral eye fellow corneas mirror image parametric Mathematics QA1-939 Arwa Fathy Bernardo T. Lopes Renato Ambrósio Richard Wu Ahmed Abass The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
description	<b>Purpose</b>: To investigate the effectiveness of flipping left corneas topography and analysethem quantitively along with fellow right corneas based on the assumption that they are mirror images of each other. <b>Methods</b>: The study involved scanning both eyes of 177 healthy participants (aged 35.3 ± 15.8) and 75 keratoconic participants (aged 33.9 ± 17.8). Clinical tomography data were collected for both eyes using the Pentacam HR and processed by a fully automated custom-built MATLAB code. For every case, the right eye was used as a datum fixed surface while the left cornea was flipped around in the superior–inferior direction. In this position, the root-mean-squared difference (RMS) between the flipped left cornea and the right cornea was initially determined for both the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Next, the iterative closest point transformation algorithm was applied on the three-dimensional flipped cornea to allow the flipped left corneal anterior surface to translate and rotate, minimising the difference between it and the right corneal anterior surface. Then, the RMS differences were recalculated and compared. <b>Results</b>: A comparison of the dioptric powers showed a significant difference between the RMS of both the flipped left eyes and the right eyes in the healthy and the KC groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The RMS of the surfaces of the flipped left corneas and the right corneas was 0.6 ± 0.4 D among the healthy group and 4.1 ± 2.3 among the KC group. After transforming the flipped left corneas, the RMS was recorded as 0.5 ± 0.3 D and 2.4 ± 2 D among the healthy and KC groups, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although fellow eyes are highly related in their clinical parameters, they should be treated with care when one eye topography is flipped and processed with the other eye topography in an optic-related research analysis where translation might be needed. In KC, an asymmetric disease, it was observed that a portion of the asymmetry was due to a corneal apex shift interfering with the image acquisition. Therefore, transforming the flipped left eyes by rotation and translation results in a fairer comparison between the fellow KC corneas.
format	article
author	Arwa Fathy Bernardo T. Lopes Renato Ambrósio Richard Wu Ahmed Abass
author_facet	Arwa Fathy Bernardo T. Lopes Renato Ambrósio Richard Wu Ahmed Abass
author_sort	Arwa Fathy
title	The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
title_short	The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
title_full	The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
title_fullStr	The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
title_full_unstemmed	The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data
title_sort	efficiency of using mirror imaged topography in fellow eyes analyses of pentacam hr data
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aa6e864588e14a2386f7fa68d3c119db
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The Efficiency of Using Mirror Imaged Topography in Fellow Eyes Analyses of Pentacam HR Data

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