Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota

IntroductionChronic alcohol consumption is known to cause gut dysbiosis (changes in microbiota composition and/or function, disruptive of the normal host–microbiota interactions). However, little is known about the changes that alcohol binge drinking induces in the gut microbiota. Here, we have test...

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Autores principales:	Alicia Rodríguez-González, Francesco Vitali, Marta Moya, Carlotta De Filippo, Maria Beatrice Passani, Laura Orio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	fecal microbiota alcohol OEA microbiome substance abuse binge Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aa7c2f55e06b45f39ed9149700707147
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aa7c2f55e06b45f39ed91497007071472021-11-30T14:52:00ZEffects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.731910https://doaj.org/article/aa7c2f55e06b45f39ed91497007071472021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.731910/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988IntroductionChronic alcohol consumption is known to cause gut dysbiosis (changes in microbiota composition and/or function, disruptive of the normal host–microbiota interactions). However, little is known about the changes that alcohol binge drinking induces in the gut microbiota. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that a protocol of alcohol binge drinking, known to induce neuroinflammation in previous studies, also promotes intestinal dysbiosis, and we explored how oleoylethanolamide (OEA, an acylethanolamide proven to counteract alcohol binge drinking-induced neuroinflammation) pretreatment modulates alcohol-induced dysbiosis.MethodsAlcohol binges were forced by gavage three times per day during 4 consecutive days; OEA pretreatment (intraperitoneal or intragastric) was administered before each alcohol gavage. Stool microbiota composition was assessed by next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing, prior and after the 4-day alcohol binge protocol.ResultsAlcohol binge drinking reduced the richness of the gut microbiota and changed the microbial community, reducing Lactobacillus among other genera. Pretreatment with OEA in the alcohol-administered rats decreased the richness, evenness, and Shannon indices to a greater extent with respect to alcohol alone, also changing the community structure. Microbial interactions in the association network were further decreased following OEA administration in the alcohol group, with respect to the water administration. The synergistic interaction between alcohol binge and OEA was affected by the route of administration of OEA, since oral and i.p. administrations differently changed the community structure.ConclusionResults suggest that alcohol binge drinking produces a clear dysbiosis in animals; we observed that the well-known protective actions of OEA in the context of alcohol abuse might not be related to OEA-induced changes in alcohol-induced dysbiosis. These are observational results, and thus, further research will be needed for a complete understanding of the biological significance of the observed changes.Alicia Rodríguez-GonzálezFrancesco VitaliMarta MoyaCarlotta De FilippoMaria Beatrice PassaniLaura OrioLaura OrioFrontiers Media S.A.articlefecal microbiotaalcoholOEAmicrobiomesubstance abusebingeMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fecal microbiota alcohol OEA microbiome substance abuse binge Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	fecal microbiota alcohol OEA microbiome substance abuse binge Microbiology QR1-502 Alicia Rodríguez-González Francesco Vitali Marta Moya Carlotta De Filippo Maria Beatrice Passani Laura Orio Laura Orio Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
description	IntroductionChronic alcohol consumption is known to cause gut dysbiosis (changes in microbiota composition and/or function, disruptive of the normal host–microbiota interactions). However, little is known about the changes that alcohol binge drinking induces in the gut microbiota. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that a protocol of alcohol binge drinking, known to induce neuroinflammation in previous studies, also promotes intestinal dysbiosis, and we explored how oleoylethanolamide (OEA, an acylethanolamide proven to counteract alcohol binge drinking-induced neuroinflammation) pretreatment modulates alcohol-induced dysbiosis.MethodsAlcohol binges were forced by gavage three times per day during 4 consecutive days; OEA pretreatment (intraperitoneal or intragastric) was administered before each alcohol gavage. Stool microbiota composition was assessed by next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing, prior and after the 4-day alcohol binge protocol.ResultsAlcohol binge drinking reduced the richness of the gut microbiota and changed the microbial community, reducing Lactobacillus among other genera. Pretreatment with OEA in the alcohol-administered rats decreased the richness, evenness, and Shannon indices to a greater extent with respect to alcohol alone, also changing the community structure. Microbial interactions in the association network were further decreased following OEA administration in the alcohol group, with respect to the water administration. The synergistic interaction between alcohol binge and OEA was affected by the route of administration of OEA, since oral and i.p. administrations differently changed the community structure.ConclusionResults suggest that alcohol binge drinking produces a clear dysbiosis in animals; we observed that the well-known protective actions of OEA in the context of alcohol abuse might not be related to OEA-induced changes in alcohol-induced dysbiosis. These are observational results, and thus, further research will be needed for a complete understanding of the biological significance of the observed changes.
format	article
author	Alicia Rodríguez-González Francesco Vitali Marta Moya Carlotta De Filippo Maria Beatrice Passani Laura Orio Laura Orio
author_facet	Alicia Rodríguez-González Francesco Vitali Marta Moya Carlotta De Filippo Maria Beatrice Passani Laura Orio Laura Orio
author_sort	Alicia Rodríguez-González
title	Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
title_short	Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
title_full	Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
title_fullStr	Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota
title_sort	effects of alcohol binge drinking and oleoylethanolamide pretreatment in the gut microbiota
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aa7c2f55e06b45f39ed9149700707147
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Effects of Alcohol Binge Drinking and Oleoylethanolamide Pretreatment in the Gut Microbiota

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