Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis

Abstract Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) is a reference site for Middle Palaeolithic studies of the Iberian Peninsula. The cave preserves an extensive stratigraphic sequence made up of eight units, which is presented in depth in this work. The main goal of this study is to undertake an init...

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Autores principales:	Leandro Zilio, Heidi Hammond, Theodoros Karampaglidis, Laura Sánchez-Romero, Ruth Blasco, Florent Rivals, Anna Rufà, Andrea Picin, M. Gema Chacón, Martina Demuro, Lee J. Arnold, Jordi Rosell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aa806bdedcc647088ab472c4d2add0c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aa806bdedcc647088ab472c4d2add0c42021-12-02T14:28:23ZExamining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis10.1038/s41598-021-83741-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/aa806bdedcc647088ab472c4d2add0c42021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83741-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) is a reference site for Middle Palaeolithic studies of the Iberian Peninsula. The cave preserves an extensive stratigraphic sequence made up of eight units, which is presented in depth in this work. The main goal of this study is to undertake an initial spatial examination of Unit III, formed during Marine Isotope Stage 3, with the aim of understanding spatial organization and past activities developed by Neanderthals and carnivores (bears, hyenas and smaller carnivores). The total sample analysed includes 38,244 archaeological items and 5888 limestone blocks. The application of GIS tools allows us to clearly distinguish three geologically-defined stratigraphic subunits. Unit III has been previously interpreted as a palimpsest resulting from alternating occupation of the cave by human groups and carnivores. The distribution study shows that faunal specimens, lithic artefacts, hearths and charcoal fragments are significantly concentrated at the entrance of the cave where, it is inferred, hominins carried out different activities, while carnivores preferred the sheltered zones in the inner areas of the cave. The results obtained reveal a spatial pattern characterized by fire use related zones, and show that the site was occupied by Neanderthals in a similar and consistent way throughout the ˃ 7000 years range covered by the analysed subunits. This spatial pattern is interpreted as resulting from repeated short-term human occupations.Leandro ZilioHeidi HammondTheodoros KarampaglidisLaura Sánchez-RomeroRuth BlascoFlorent RivalsAnna RufàAndrea PicinM. Gema ChacónMartina DemuroLee J. ArnoldJordi RosellNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Leandro Zilio Heidi Hammond Theodoros Karampaglidis Laura Sánchez-Romero Ruth Blasco Florent Rivals Anna Rufà Andrea Picin M. Gema Chacón Martina Demuro Lee J. Arnold Jordi Rosell Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
description	Abstract Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) is a reference site for Middle Palaeolithic studies of the Iberian Peninsula. The cave preserves an extensive stratigraphic sequence made up of eight units, which is presented in depth in this work. The main goal of this study is to undertake an initial spatial examination of Unit III, formed during Marine Isotope Stage 3, with the aim of understanding spatial organization and past activities developed by Neanderthals and carnivores (bears, hyenas and smaller carnivores). The total sample analysed includes 38,244 archaeological items and 5888 limestone blocks. The application of GIS tools allows us to clearly distinguish three geologically-defined stratigraphic subunits. Unit III has been previously interpreted as a palimpsest resulting from alternating occupation of the cave by human groups and carnivores. The distribution study shows that faunal specimens, lithic artefacts, hearths and charcoal fragments are significantly concentrated at the entrance of the cave where, it is inferred, hominins carried out different activities, while carnivores preferred the sheltered zones in the inner areas of the cave. The results obtained reveal a spatial pattern characterized by fire use related zones, and show that the site was occupied by Neanderthals in a similar and consistent way throughout the ˃ 7000 years range covered by the analysed subunits. This spatial pattern is interpreted as resulting from repeated short-term human occupations.
format	article
author	Leandro Zilio Heidi Hammond Theodoros Karampaglidis Laura Sánchez-Romero Ruth Blasco Florent Rivals Anna Rufà Andrea Picin M. Gema Chacón Martina Demuro Lee J. Arnold Jordi Rosell
author_facet	Leandro Zilio Heidi Hammond Theodoros Karampaglidis Laura Sánchez-Romero Ruth Blasco Florent Rivals Anna Rufà Andrea Picin M. Gema Chacón Martina Demuro Lee J. Arnold Jordi Rosell
author_sort	Leandro Zilio
title	Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
title_short	Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
title_full	Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
title_fullStr	Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
title_sort	examining neanderthal and carnivore occupations of teixoneres cave (moià, barcelona, spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aa806bdedcc647088ab472c4d2add0c4
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Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis

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