Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women

Takashi Takeda,* Kana Yoshimi,* Sayaka Kai, Fumi Inoue Division of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Traditional Asian Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Takashi TakedaDivision of Women’s Health, R...

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Autores principales:	Takeda T, Yoshimi K, Kai S, Inoue F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	stress mental health social isolation maternal health Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aa9670e3ea724f04b206bf50de786150
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aa9670e3ea724f04b206bf50de7861502021-11-11T18:22:26ZAssociation Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women1179-1411https://doaj.org/article/aa9670e3ea724f04b206bf50de7861502021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/association-between-serious-psychological-distress-and-loneliness-duri-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1411Takashi Takeda,* Kana Yoshimi,* Sayaka Kai, Fumi Inoue Division of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Traditional Asian Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Takashi TakedaDivision of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Traditional Asian Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, JapanTel +81-72-366-0221 (Ext. 3393)Fax +81-72-366-6661Email take@med.kindai.ac.jpPurpose: Pregnant women are vulnerable to stress. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and created significant stress for many people. Social distancing to reduce the spread of COVID-19 has also reduced social interactions, which has increased social isolation and loneliness. Loneliness is thought to increase perceived stress, cause psychological distress, and increase the risk of mental illness, such as depression. This study examined the association between serious psychological distress (SPD) and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant Japanese women.Patients and Methods: An internet survey of 1022 pregnant women in Japan was conducted between June 1 and July 21, 2021. The 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, 3-item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale were used as measurement tools. The prevalence of SPD was defined as a K6 score of ≥ 13.Results: The prevalence of SPD was 16.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for SPD were younger age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 to 1.10; p = 0.020), history of abortion or miscarriages (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.36; p = 0.034), unemployment (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.45; p = 0.008), fear of COVID-19 (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.17; p < 0.001), and loneliness (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.38 to 1.70; p < 0.001).Conclusion: Pregnant women in Japan showed a high prevalence of SPD. Younger age, unemployment, history of abortion or miscarriages, fear of COVID-19, and loneliness were independently associated with SPD. Clinicians and health officials should pay particular attention to the psychological health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: stress, mental health, social isolation, maternal healthTakeda TYoshimi KKai SInoue FDove Medical Pressarticlestressmental healthsocial isolationmaternal healthGynecology and obstetricsRG1-991ENInternational Journal of Women's Health, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1087-1093 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	stress mental health social isolation maternal health Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991
spellingShingle	stress mental health social isolation maternal health Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Takeda T Yoshimi K Kai S Inoue F Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
description	Takashi Takeda,* Kana Yoshimi,* Sayaka Kai, Fumi Inoue Division of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Traditional Asian Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Takashi TakedaDivision of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Traditional Asian Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, JapanTel +81-72-366-0221 (Ext. 3393)Fax +81-72-366-6661Email take@med.kindai.ac.jpPurpose: Pregnant women are vulnerable to stress. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and created significant stress for many people. Social distancing to reduce the spread of COVID-19 has also reduced social interactions, which has increased social isolation and loneliness. Loneliness is thought to increase perceived stress, cause psychological distress, and increase the risk of mental illness, such as depression. This study examined the association between serious psychological distress (SPD) and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant Japanese women.Patients and Methods: An internet survey of 1022 pregnant women in Japan was conducted between June 1 and July 21, 2021. The 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, 3-item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale were used as measurement tools. The prevalence of SPD was defined as a K6 score of ≥ 13.Results: The prevalence of SPD was 16.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for SPD were younger age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 to 1.10; p = 0.020), history of abortion or miscarriages (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.36; p = 0.034), unemployment (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.45; p = 0.008), fear of COVID-19 (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.17; p < 0.001), and loneliness (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.38 to 1.70; p < 0.001).Conclusion: Pregnant women in Japan showed a high prevalence of SPD. Younger age, unemployment, history of abortion or miscarriages, fear of COVID-19, and loneliness were independently associated with SPD. Clinicians and health officials should pay particular attention to the psychological health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: stress, mental health, social isolation, maternal health
format	article
author	Takeda T Yoshimi K Kai S Inoue F
author_facet	Takeda T Yoshimi K Kai S Inoue F
author_sort	Takeda T
title	Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
title_short	Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
title_full	Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
title_fullStr	Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
title_full_unstemmed	Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women
title_sort	association between serious psychological distress and loneliness during the covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study with pregnant japanese women
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aa9670e3ea724f04b206bf50de786150
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Association Between Serious Psychological Distress and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pregnant Japanese Women

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