Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges

The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline and especially the Lesser Antilles. The available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take a few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this high threat, the...

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Autores principales:	Frédéric Leone, Mathieu Péroche, Rafaëlle Gutton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	FR
Publicado:	Éditions en environnement VertigO 2014
Materias:	risk tsunami evacuation planning modelling accessibility Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aaa5870b1c0c44828a25ff095ed9abfd
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:aaa5870b1c0c44828a25ff095ed9abfd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aaa5870b1c0c44828a25ff095ed9abfd2021-12-02T10:00:15ZLe risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges1492-844210.4000/vertigo.15046https://doaj.org/article/aaa5870b1c0c44828a25ff095ed9abfd2014-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.openedition.org/vertigo/15046https://doaj.org/toc/1492-8442The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline and especially the Lesser Antilles. The available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take a few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this high threat, the most effective measure is a planned and organized evacuation of the coastal population. This requires an efficient regional warning system, estimation of the maximum expected tsunami flood height, preparation of the population to evacuate, and drawing up of local and regional emergency plans. In this context, this paper proposes a methodology directly addressed to decision makers in order to optimize and map the evacuation sites and route using a pedestrian accessibility modeling. It is based on a population database at a local scale, the development of connected graphs of roads, the identification of potential safe areas and the velocity setting for pedestrians. Evacuation routes are calculated using the Dijkstra’s algorithm which gives the fastest path between areas at risk and designated evacuation sites. A first application allows us to map the theoretical times to keep safe the exposed population and to compare these with a tsunami travel time scenario for each commune of Martinique. A second application results in a local evacuation plan for the commune of Saint-Anne. This new prevention support was validated by an expert committee and constitute the first mapping of this kind in France. This calibrated and officially approved methodology will be asked to be developed on other countries, but as a priority on overseas french departments.Frédéric LeoneMathieu PérocheRafaëlle GuttonÉditions en environnement VertigOarticlerisktsunamievacuationplanningmodellingaccessibilityEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350FRVertigO, Vol 14, Iss 2 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	FR
topic	risk tsunami evacuation planning modelling accessibility Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	risk tsunami evacuation planning modelling accessibility Environmental sciences GE1-350 Frédéric Leone Mathieu Péroche Rafaëlle Gutton Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
description	The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline and especially the Lesser Antilles. The available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take a few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this high threat, the most effective measure is a planned and organized evacuation of the coastal population. This requires an efficient regional warning system, estimation of the maximum expected tsunami flood height, preparation of the population to evacuate, and drawing up of local and regional emergency plans. In this context, this paper proposes a methodology directly addressed to decision makers in order to optimize and map the evacuation sites and route using a pedestrian accessibility modeling. It is based on a population database at a local scale, the development of connected graphs of roads, the identification of potential safe areas and the velocity setting for pedestrians. Evacuation routes are calculated using the Dijkstra’s algorithm which gives the fastest path between areas at risk and designated evacuation sites. A first application allows us to map the theoretical times to keep safe the exposed population and to compare these with a tsunami travel time scenario for each commune of Martinique. A second application results in a local evacuation plan for the commune of Saint-Anne. This new prevention support was validated by an expert committee and constitute the first mapping of this kind in France. This calibrated and officially approved methodology will be asked to be developed on other countries, but as a priority on overseas french departments.
format	article
author	Frédéric Leone Mathieu Péroche Rafaëlle Gutton
author_facet	Frédéric Leone Mathieu Péroche Rafaëlle Gutton
author_sort	Frédéric Leone
title	Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
title_short	Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
title_full	Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
title_fullStr	Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
title_full_unstemmed	Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
title_sort	le risque tsunami en martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
publisher	Éditions en environnement VertigO
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/aaa5870b1c0c44828a25ff095ed9abfd
work_keys_str_mv	AT fredericleone lerisquetsunamienmartiniqueplanifieruneevacuationpreventiveenoptimisantlaccessibilitedesitesrefuges AT mathieuperoche lerisquetsunamienmartiniqueplanifieruneevacuationpreventiveenoptimisantlaccessibilitedesitesrefuges AT rafaellegutton lerisquetsunamienmartiniqueplanifieruneevacuationpreventiveenoptimisantlaccessibilitedesitesrefuges
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Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges

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