Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study

Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study

Hale Z Batur Caglayan,1 Ceyla Irkec,1 Bijen Nazliel,1 Aslı Akyol Gurses,2 Irem Capraz11Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, 2Department of Neurology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey Introduction: Previous studies have shown tha...

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Autores principales: Batur Caglayan HZ, Irkec C, Nazliel B, Akyol Gurses A, Capraz I
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:
demyelinating diseases
multiple sclerosis
odors
olfaction
olfaction disorders
smell
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
RC321-571
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/aab598bfd4ae4be188ba5818558a528d
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:aab598bfd4ae4be188ba5818558a528d2021-12-02T03:42:06ZOlfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/aab598bfd4ae4be188ba5818558a528d2016-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/olfactory-functioning-in-early-multiple-sclerosis-sniffinrsquo-sticks--peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Hale Z Batur Caglayan,1 Ceyla Irkec,1 Bijen Nazliel,1 Aslı Akyol Gurses,2 Irem Capraz11Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, 2Department of Neurology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey Introduction: Previous studies have shown that olfactory functioning is affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). This study assessed the level of the olfactory impairment in early MS by using the Sniffin’ Sticks Test.Methods: This study included 30 patients with MS and 30 healthy controls. We collected demographic and clinical data from participants and administered the Sniffin’ Sticks Test.Results: We found no differences between the MS and control groups in odor discrimination, odor identification, and threshold discrimination identification scores, but odor threshold (OT) scores were higher in the control group than in the MS group (P=0.49). In addition, we did not find any correlation between MS patients’ olfactory test scores and their scores on the Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disease duration, history of optic neuritis, or being on immunomodulatory therapy. Conclusion: In recent studies, odor threshold impairment seemed to be the most striking finding in patients with MS. Although the present study found a mild alteration in odor threshold, olfactory dysfunction appears to be a consequence of neurodegeneration in the higher order olfactory brain regions, which is thought to be a time-dependent process. Keywords: demyelinating diseases, multiple sclerosis, odors, olfaction, olfaction disorders, smellBatur Caglayan HZIrkec CNazliel BAkyol Gurses ACapraz IDove Medical Pressarticledemyelinating diseasesmultiple sclerosisodorsolfactionolfaction disorderssmellNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 12, Pp 2143-2147 (2016)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic demyelinating diseases
multiple sclerosis
odors
olfaction
olfaction disorders
smell
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
RC321-571
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
spellingShingle demyelinating diseases
multiple sclerosis
odors
olfaction
olfaction disorders
smell
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
RC321-571
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
Batur Caglayan HZ
Irkec C
Nazliel B
Akyol Gurses A
Capraz I
Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
description Hale Z Batur Caglayan,1 Ceyla Irkec,1 Bijen Nazliel,1 Aslı Akyol Gurses,2 Irem Capraz11Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, 2Department of Neurology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey Introduction: Previous studies have shown that olfactory functioning is affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). This study assessed the level of the olfactory impairment in early MS by using the Sniffin’ Sticks Test.Methods: This study included 30 patients with MS and 30 healthy controls. We collected demographic and clinical data from participants and administered the Sniffin’ Sticks Test.Results: We found no differences between the MS and control groups in odor discrimination, odor identification, and threshold discrimination identification scores, but odor threshold (OT) scores were higher in the control group than in the MS group (P=0.49). In addition, we did not find any correlation between MS patients’ olfactory test scores and their scores on the Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disease duration, history of optic neuritis, or being on immunomodulatory therapy. Conclusion: In recent studies, odor threshold impairment seemed to be the most striking finding in patients with MS. Although the present study found a mild alteration in odor threshold, olfactory dysfunction appears to be a consequence of neurodegeneration in the higher order olfactory brain regions, which is thought to be a time-dependent process. Keywords: demyelinating diseases, multiple sclerosis, odors, olfaction, olfaction disorders, smell
format article
author Batur Caglayan HZ
Irkec C
Nazliel B
Akyol Gurses A
Capraz I
author_facet Batur Caglayan HZ
Irkec C
Nazliel B
Akyol Gurses A
Capraz I
author_sort Batur Caglayan HZ
title Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
title_short Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
title_full Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
title_fullStr Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
title_full_unstemmed Olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: Sniffin’ Sticks Test study
title_sort olfactory functioning in early multiple sclerosis: sniffin’ sticks test study
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2016
url https://doaj.org/article/aab598bfd4ae4be188ba5818558a528d
work_keys_str_mv AT baturcaglayanhz olfactoryfunctioninginearlymultiplesclerosissniffinrsquosticksteststudy
AT irkecc olfactoryfunctioninginearlymultiplesclerosissniffinrsquosticksteststudy
AT nazlielb olfactoryfunctioninginearlymultiplesclerosissniffinrsquosticksteststudy
AT akyolgursesa olfactoryfunctioninginearlymultiplesclerosissniffinrsquosticksteststudy
AT caprazi olfactoryfunctioninginearlymultiplesclerosissniffinrsquosticksteststudy
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