Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance

Abstract The influenza vaccine field has been constantly evolving to improve the speed, scalability, and flexibility of manufacturing, and to improve the breadth and longevity of the protective immune response across age groups, giving rise to an array of next generation vaccines in development. Amo...

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Autores principales:	Arun B. Arunachalam, Penny Post, Deborah Rudin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aac370015cbf4ed68d9a9f7b296a2a13
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aac370015cbf4ed68d9a9f7b296a2a132021-12-05T12:05:31ZUnique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance10.1038/s41541-021-00403-72059-0105https://doaj.org/article/aac370015cbf4ed68d9a9f7b296a2a132021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-021-00403-7https://doaj.org/toc/2059-0105Abstract The influenza vaccine field has been constantly evolving to improve the speed, scalability, and flexibility of manufacturing, and to improve the breadth and longevity of the protective immune response across age groups, giving rise to an array of next generation vaccines in development. Among these, the recombinant influenza vaccine tetravalent (RIV4), using a baculovirus expression vector system to express recombinant haemagglutinin (rHA) in insect cells, is the only one to have reached the market and has been studied extensively. We describe how the unique structural features of rHA in RIV4 improve protective immune responses compared to conventional influenza vaccines made from propagated influenza virus. In addition to the sequence integrity, characteristic of recombinant proteins, unique post-translational processing of the rHA in insect cells instills favourable tertiary and quaternary structural features. The absence of protease-driven cleavage and addition of simple N-linked glycans help to preserve and expose certain conserved epitopes on HA molecules, which are likely responsible for the high levels of broadly cross-reactive and protective antibodies with rare specificities observed with RIV4. Furthermore, the presence of uniform compact HA oligomers and absence of egg proteins, viral RNA or process impurities, typically found in conventional vaccines, are expected to eliminate potential adverse reactions to these components in susceptible individuals with the use of RIV4. These distinct structural features and purity of the recombinant HA vaccine thus provide a number of benefits in vaccine performance which can be extended to other viral targets, such as for COVID-19.Arun B. ArunachalamPenny PostDeborah RudinNature PortfolioarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENnpj Vaccines, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Arun B. Arunachalam Penny Post Deborah Rudin Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
description	Abstract The influenza vaccine field has been constantly evolving to improve the speed, scalability, and flexibility of manufacturing, and to improve the breadth and longevity of the protective immune response across age groups, giving rise to an array of next generation vaccines in development. Among these, the recombinant influenza vaccine tetravalent (RIV4), using a baculovirus expression vector system to express recombinant haemagglutinin (rHA) in insect cells, is the only one to have reached the market and has been studied extensively. We describe how the unique structural features of rHA in RIV4 improve protective immune responses compared to conventional influenza vaccines made from propagated influenza virus. In addition to the sequence integrity, characteristic of recombinant proteins, unique post-translational processing of the rHA in insect cells instills favourable tertiary and quaternary structural features. The absence of protease-driven cleavage and addition of simple N-linked glycans help to preserve and expose certain conserved epitopes on HA molecules, which are likely responsible for the high levels of broadly cross-reactive and protective antibodies with rare specificities observed with RIV4. Furthermore, the presence of uniform compact HA oligomers and absence of egg proteins, viral RNA or process impurities, typically found in conventional vaccines, are expected to eliminate potential adverse reactions to these components in susceptible individuals with the use of RIV4. These distinct structural features and purity of the recombinant HA vaccine thus provide a number of benefits in vaccine performance which can be extended to other viral targets, such as for COVID-19.
format	article
author	Arun B. Arunachalam Penny Post Deborah Rudin
author_facet	Arun B. Arunachalam Penny Post Deborah Rudin
author_sort	Arun B. Arunachalam
title	Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
title_short	Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
title_full	Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
title_fullStr	Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
title_full_unstemmed	Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
title_sort	unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aac370015cbf4ed68d9a9f7b296a2a13
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Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance

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