Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation

There is a synergy between the large quantities of organics-rich effluents generated by the dairy industry and the continually increasing water needs for crop irrigation. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the stability and ef...

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Autores principales:	K. A. Santos, T. M. Gomes, F. Rossi, M. M. Kushida, V. L. Del Bianchi, R. Ribeiro, M. S. M. Alves, G. Tommaso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	agro-industrial effluent anaerobic digestion hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor lactuca sativa Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/aad82cdb43b541b2baf6f05d252882d7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:aad82cdb43b541b2baf6f05d252882d72021-11-06T07:18:12ZWater reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation1606-97491607-079810.2166/ws.2020.276https://doaj.org/article/aad82cdb43b541b2baf6f05d252882d72021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://ws.iwaponline.com/content/21/5/1980https://doaj.org/toc/1606-9749https://doaj.org/toc/1607-0798There is a synergy between the large quantities of organics-rich effluents generated by the dairy industry and the continually increasing water needs for crop irrigation. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the stability and efficiency of a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor (HABBR) treating simulated fat- and salt-rich dairy wastewater, followed by its agricultural reuse. The reactor was monitored over 328 days, during which 72, 24, and 12 h were the hydraulic detention times. After achieving steady-state, the reactor presented organic matter removal greater than 90% and produced biogas with 41 ± 23%, 53 ± 3%, and 64 ± 12% of methane for HRTs of 72, 24, and 12 h, respectively. The best process performance was observed for an HRT of 24 h, and thus, a lettuce culture was irrigated with the treated effluent. The irrigation was performed in five different treatments, for which the amount of treated effluent added to tap water varied from 0 to 100%. Both the effluent and the harvested vegetables were evaluated for microbial contamination. Apart from the 75% effluent supply condition, there were no losses in leaf mass or area observed; instead, there was an increase of these parameters for the 25% and 50% effluent supply treatment. The use of dairy effluent treated by the HABBR allowed for microbiologically safe food production. Therefore, the process offered both potential cost reduction for fertilizers, preservation of water resources, and a renewable energy source. HIGHLIGHTS The anaerobic baffled reactor was stable during treatment of fat-rich salt dairy wastewater.; The methane content was enhanced with hydraulic retention time reduction.; The use of dairy effluent reduced the needs related to N fertilizer by up to 50%.; The use of drinking water for lettuce irrigation has been reduced by 50%.; The effluent did not present a risk of contamination in lettuce production.;K. A. SantosT. M. GomesF. RossiM. M. KushidaV. L. Del BianchiR. RibeiroM. S. M. AlvesG. TommasoIWA Publishingarticleagro-industrial effluentanaerobic digestionhybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactorlactuca sativaWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General)TC401-506ENWater Supply, Vol 21, Iss 5, Pp 1980-1993 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	agro-industrial effluent anaerobic digestion hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor lactuca sativa Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506
spellingShingle	agro-industrial effluent anaerobic digestion hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor lactuca sativa Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506 K. A. Santos T. M. Gomes F. Rossi M. M. Kushida V. L. Del Bianchi R. Ribeiro M. S. M. Alves G. Tommaso Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
description	There is a synergy between the large quantities of organics-rich effluents generated by the dairy industry and the continually increasing water needs for crop irrigation. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the stability and efficiency of a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor (HABBR) treating simulated fat- and salt-rich dairy wastewater, followed by its agricultural reuse. The reactor was monitored over 328 days, during which 72, 24, and 12 h were the hydraulic detention times. After achieving steady-state, the reactor presented organic matter removal greater than 90% and produced biogas with 41 ± 23%, 53 ± 3%, and 64 ± 12% of methane for HRTs of 72, 24, and 12 h, respectively. The best process performance was observed for an HRT of 24 h, and thus, a lettuce culture was irrigated with the treated effluent. The irrigation was performed in five different treatments, for which the amount of treated effluent added to tap water varied from 0 to 100%. Both the effluent and the harvested vegetables were evaluated for microbial contamination. Apart from the 75% effluent supply condition, there were no losses in leaf mass or area observed; instead, there was an increase of these parameters for the 25% and 50% effluent supply treatment. The use of dairy effluent treated by the HABBR allowed for microbiologically safe food production. Therefore, the process offered both potential cost reduction for fertilizers, preservation of water resources, and a renewable energy source. HIGHLIGHTS The anaerobic baffled reactor was stable during treatment of fat-rich salt dairy wastewater.; The methane content was enhanced with hydraulic retention time reduction.; The use of dairy effluent reduced the needs related to N fertilizer by up to 50%.; The use of drinking water for lettuce irrigation has been reduced by 50%.; The effluent did not present a risk of contamination in lettuce production.;
format	article
author	K. A. Santos T. M. Gomes F. Rossi M. M. Kushida V. L. Del Bianchi R. Ribeiro M. S. M. Alves G. Tommaso
author_facet	K. A. Santos T. M. Gomes F. Rossi M. M. Kushida V. L. Del Bianchi R. Ribeiro M. S. M. Alves G. Tommaso
author_sort	K. A. Santos
title	Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
title_short	Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
title_full	Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
title_fullStr	Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
title_full_unstemmed	Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
title_sort	water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/aad82cdb43b541b2baf6f05d252882d7
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Water reuse: dairy effluent treated by a hybrid anaerobic biofilm baffled reactor and its application in lettuce irrigation

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