Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe

Abstract The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involv...

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Autores principales:	C. Lambert, A. Penaud, M. Vidal, C. Gandini, L. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, A. Ehrhold
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ab239d5bf13848be9c0fe549533af24a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ab239d5bf13848be9c0fe549533af24a2021-12-02T13:34:10ZStriking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe10.1038/s41598-020-77253-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ab239d5bf13848be9c0fe549533af24a2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period.C. LambertA. PenaudM. VidalC. GandiniL. LabeyrieL. ChauvaudA. EhrholdNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q C. Lambert A. Penaud M. Vidal C. Gandini L. Labeyrie L. Chauvaud A. Ehrhold Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
description	Abstract The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period.
format	article
author	C. Lambert A. Penaud M. Vidal C. Gandini L. Labeyrie L. Chauvaud A. Ehrhold
author_facet	C. Lambert A. Penaud M. Vidal C. Gandini L. Labeyrie L. Chauvaud A. Ehrhold
author_sort	C. Lambert
title	Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
title_short	Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
title_full	Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
title_fullStr	Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
title_full_unstemmed	Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
title_sort	striking forest revival at the end of the roman period in north-western europe
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/ab239d5bf13848be9c0fe549533af24a
work_keys_str_mv	AT clambert strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT apenaud strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT mvidal strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT cgandini strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT llabeyrie strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT lchauvaud strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope AT aehrhold strikingforestrevivalattheendoftheromanperiodinnorthwesterneurope
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Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe

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