Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice

Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is 100% blood-derived, cross-linked fibrin glue with platelets and growth factors. Human CGF clot is transformed into membrane by a compression device, which has been widely used clinically. However, the mechanical properties of the CGF membranes have not been well c...

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Autores principales:	Md. Arafat Kabir, Akihiro Hirakawa, Bowen Zhu, Kenji Yokozeki, Mamata Shakya, Bingzhen Huang, Toshiyuki Akazawa, Masahiro Todoh, Masaru Murata
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mechanical property concentrated growth factor (CGF) BMP-2 bone induction human Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ab3432995b8d422b92090db6fc1bbf1d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ab3432995b8d422b92090db6fc1bbf1d2021-11-11T16:48:45ZMechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice10.3390/ijms2221113311422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/ab3432995b8d422b92090db6fc1bbf1d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11331https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is 100% blood-derived, cross-linked fibrin glue with platelets and growth factors. Human CGF clot is transformed into membrane by a compression device, which has been widely used clinically. However, the mechanical properties of the CGF membranes have not been well characterized. The aims of this study were to measure the tensile strength of human CGF membrane and observe its behavior as a scaffold of BMP-2 in ectopic site over the skull. The tensile test of the full length was performed at the speed of 2mm/min. The CGF membrane (5 × 5 × 2 mm<sup>3</sup>) or the CGF/BMP-2 (1.0 μg) membrane was grafted onto the skull periosteum of nude mice (5-week-old, male), and harvested at 14 days after the graft. The appearance and size of the CGF membranes were almost same for 7 days by soaking at 4 °C in saline. The average values of the tensile strength at 0 day and 7 days were 0.24 MPa and 0.26 MPa, respectively. No significant differences of both the tensile strength and the elastic modulus were found among 0, 1, 3, and 7 days. Supra-periosteal bone induction was found at 14 days in the CGF/BMP-2, while the CGF alone did not induce bone. These results demonstrated that human CGF membrane could become a short-term, sticky fibrin scaffold for BMP-2, and might be preserved as auto-membranes for wound protection after the surgery.Md. Arafat KabirAkihiro HirakawaBowen ZhuKenji YokozekiMamata ShakyaBingzhen HuangToshiyuki AkazawaMasahiro TodohMasaru MurataMDPI AGarticlemechanical propertyconcentrated growth factor (CGF)BMP-2bone inductionhumanBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11331, p 11331 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mechanical property concentrated growth factor (CGF) BMP-2 bone induction human Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	mechanical property concentrated growth factor (CGF) BMP-2 bone induction human Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Md. Arafat Kabir Akihiro Hirakawa Bowen Zhu Kenji Yokozeki Mamata Shakya Bingzhen Huang Toshiyuki Akazawa Masahiro Todoh Masaru Murata Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
description	Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is 100% blood-derived, cross-linked fibrin glue with platelets and growth factors. Human CGF clot is transformed into membrane by a compression device, which has been widely used clinically. However, the mechanical properties of the CGF membranes have not been well characterized. The aims of this study were to measure the tensile strength of human CGF membrane and observe its behavior as a scaffold of BMP-2 in ectopic site over the skull. The tensile test of the full length was performed at the speed of 2mm/min. The CGF membrane (5 × 5 × 2 mm<sup>3</sup>) or the CGF/BMP-2 (1.0 μg) membrane was grafted onto the skull periosteum of nude mice (5-week-old, male), and harvested at 14 days after the graft. The appearance and size of the CGF membranes were almost same for 7 days by soaking at 4 °C in saline. The average values of the tensile strength at 0 day and 7 days were 0.24 MPa and 0.26 MPa, respectively. No significant differences of both the tensile strength and the elastic modulus were found among 0, 1, 3, and 7 days. Supra-periosteal bone induction was found at 14 days in the CGF/BMP-2, while the CGF alone did not induce bone. These results demonstrated that human CGF membrane could become a short-term, sticky fibrin scaffold for BMP-2, and might be preserved as auto-membranes for wound protection after the surgery.
format	article
author	Md. Arafat Kabir Akihiro Hirakawa Bowen Zhu Kenji Yokozeki Mamata Shakya Bingzhen Huang Toshiyuki Akazawa Masahiro Todoh Masaru Murata
author_facet	Md. Arafat Kabir Akihiro Hirakawa Bowen Zhu Kenji Yokozeki Mamata Shakya Bingzhen Huang Toshiyuki Akazawa Masahiro Todoh Masaru Murata
author_sort	Md. Arafat Kabir
title	Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
title_short	Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
title_full	Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
title_fullStr	Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice
title_sort	mechanical properties of human concentrated growth factor (cgf) membrane and the cgf graft with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (bmp-2) onto periosteum of the skull of nude mice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ab3432995b8d422b92090db6fc1bbf1d
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Mechanical Properties of Human Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) Membrane and the CGF Graft with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) onto Periosteum of the Skull of Nude Mice

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