Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.

Ammonium toxicity in plants is considered a global phenomenon, but the primary mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that although the addition of potassium or nitrate partially alleviated the inhibition of rice seedling root growth caused by ammonium toxicity, the combination of pot...

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Autores principales:	Gen Fang, Jing Yang, Tong Sun, Xiaoxin Wang, Yangsheng Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ab355a772d4947569d4bbe2828829493
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ab355a772d4947569d4bbe28288294932021-12-02T20:08:25ZEvidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0248796https://doaj.org/article/ab355a772d4947569d4bbe28288294932021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248796https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Ammonium toxicity in plants is considered a global phenomenon, but the primary mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that although the addition of potassium or nitrate partially alleviated the inhibition of rice seedling root growth caused by ammonium toxicity, the combination of potassium and nitrate clearly improved the alleviation, probably via some synergistic mechanisms. The combined treatment with potassium and nitrate led to significantly improved alleviation effects on root biomass, root length, and embryonic crown root number. The aberrant cell morphology and the rhizosphere acidification level caused by ammonium toxicity, recovered only by the combined treatment. RNA sequencing analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the transcriptional response generated from the combined treatment involved cellulose synthesis, auxin, and gibberellin metabolism. Our results point out that potassium and nitrate combined treatment effectively promotes cell wall formation in rice, and thus, effectively alleviates ammonium toxicity.Gen FangJing YangTong SunXiaoxin WangYangsheng LiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0248796 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gen Fang Jing Yang Tong Sun Xiaoxin Wang Yangsheng Li Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
description	Ammonium toxicity in plants is considered a global phenomenon, but the primary mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that although the addition of potassium or nitrate partially alleviated the inhibition of rice seedling root growth caused by ammonium toxicity, the combination of potassium and nitrate clearly improved the alleviation, probably via some synergistic mechanisms. The combined treatment with potassium and nitrate led to significantly improved alleviation effects on root biomass, root length, and embryonic crown root number. The aberrant cell morphology and the rhizosphere acidification level caused by ammonium toxicity, recovered only by the combined treatment. RNA sequencing analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the transcriptional response generated from the combined treatment involved cellulose synthesis, auxin, and gibberellin metabolism. Our results point out that potassium and nitrate combined treatment effectively promotes cell wall formation in rice, and thus, effectively alleviates ammonium toxicity.
format	article
author	Gen Fang Jing Yang Tong Sun Xiaoxin Wang Yangsheng Li
author_facet	Gen Fang Jing Yang Tong Sun Xiaoxin Wang Yangsheng Li
author_sort	Gen Fang
title	Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
title_short	Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
title_full	Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
title_fullStr	Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
title_sort	evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ab355a772d4947569d4bbe2828829493
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Evidence that synergism between potassium and nitrate enhances the alleviation of ammonium toxicity in rice seedling roots.

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