Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation

The ATI 718Plus<sup>®</sup> is a creep-resistant nickel-based superalloy exhibiting high strength and excellent oxidation resistance in high temperatures. The present study is focused on multiscale 2D and 3D characterization (morphological and chemical) of the scale and the layer beneath...

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Autores principales:	Adam Kruk, Aleksander Gil, Sebastian Lech, Grzegorz Cempura, Alina Agüero, Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	creep-resistant superalloys 718Plus SEM TEM STEM Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/abafc97c7fba44708865e307ea6b298f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:abafc97c7fba44708865e307ea6b298f2021-11-11T17:53:53ZMultiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation10.3390/ma142163271996-1944https://doaj.org/article/abafc97c7fba44708865e307ea6b298f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6327https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944The ATI 718Plus<sup>®</sup> is a creep-resistant nickel-based superalloy exhibiting high strength and excellent oxidation resistance in high temperatures. The present study is focused on multiscale 2D and 3D characterization (morphological and chemical) of the scale and the layer beneath formed on the ATI 718Plus superalloy during oxidation at 850 °C up to 4000 h in dry and wet air. The oxidized samples were characterized using various microscopic methods (SEM, TEM and STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron diffraction. The 3D visualization of the microstructural features was achieved by means of FIB-SEM tomography. When oxidized in dry air, the ATI 718Plus develops a protective, dense Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale with a dual-layered structure. The outer Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer is composed of coarser grains with a columnar shape, while the inner one features fine, equiaxed grains. The Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale formed in wet air is single-layered and features very fine grains. The article discusses the difference between the structure, chemistry and three-dimensional phase distribution of the oxide scales and near-surface areas developed in the two environments. Electron microscopy/spectroscopy findings combined with the three-dimensional reconstruction of the microstructure provide original insight into the role of the oxidation environment on the structure of the ATI 718Plus at the nanoscale.Adam KrukAleksander GilSebastian LechGrzegorz CempuraAlina AgüeroAleksandra Czyrska-FilemonowiczMDPI AGarticlecreep-resistantsuperalloys718PlusSEMTEMSTEMTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6327, p 6327 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	creep-resistant superalloys 718Plus SEM TEM STEM Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	creep-resistant superalloys 718Plus SEM TEM STEM Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Adam Kruk Aleksander Gil Sebastian Lech Grzegorz Cempura Alina Agüero Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
description	The ATI 718Plus<sup>®</sup> is a creep-resistant nickel-based superalloy exhibiting high strength and excellent oxidation resistance in high temperatures. The present study is focused on multiscale 2D and 3D characterization (morphological and chemical) of the scale and the layer beneath formed on the ATI 718Plus superalloy during oxidation at 850 °C up to 4000 h in dry and wet air. The oxidized samples were characterized using various microscopic methods (SEM, TEM and STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron diffraction. The 3D visualization of the microstructural features was achieved by means of FIB-SEM tomography. When oxidized in dry air, the ATI 718Plus develops a protective, dense Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale with a dual-layered structure. The outer Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer is composed of coarser grains with a columnar shape, while the inner one features fine, equiaxed grains. The Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale formed in wet air is single-layered and features very fine grains. The article discusses the difference between the structure, chemistry and three-dimensional phase distribution of the oxide scales and near-surface areas developed in the two environments. Electron microscopy/spectroscopy findings combined with the three-dimensional reconstruction of the microstructure provide original insight into the role of the oxidation environment on the structure of the ATI 718Plus at the nanoscale.
format	article
author	Adam Kruk Aleksander Gil Sebastian Lech Grzegorz Cempura Alina Agüero Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz
author_facet	Adam Kruk Aleksander Gil Sebastian Lech Grzegorz Cempura Alina Agüero Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz
author_sort	Adam Kruk
title	Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
title_short	Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
title_full	Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
title_fullStr	Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
title_full_unstemmed	Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation
title_sort	multiscale characterization of an oxide scale formed on the creep-resistant ati 718plus superalloy during high-temperature oxidation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/abafc97c7fba44708865e307ea6b298f
work_keys_str_mv	AT adamkruk multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation AT aleksandergil multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation AT sebastianlech multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation AT grzegorzcempura multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation AT alinaaguero multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation AT aleksandraczyrskafilemonowicz multiscalecharacterizationofanoxidescaleformedonthecreepresistantati718plussuperalloyduringhightemperatureoxidation
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Multiscale Characterization of an Oxide Scale Formed on the Creep-Resistant ATI 718Plus Superalloy during High-Temperature Oxidation

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