Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As isatin-containing compounds exhibit several remarkable biological activities, isatin derivatives were prepared to combat the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 that is gripping the...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Ponnusamy Packialakshmi, Perumal Gobinath, Kaliappillai Vijayakumar, Daoud Ali, Saud Alarifi, Balasubramani Ravindran, null PitchaiSangan, Radhakrishnan Surendrakumar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Technology (General) T1-995
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/abb61240ebb94458b9dc3db65f8da69f
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:abb61240ebb94458b9dc3db65f8da69f
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:abb61240ebb94458b9dc3db65f8da69f2021-11-08T02:36:45ZSynthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds1687-412910.1155/2021/7241699https://doaj.org/article/abb61240ebb94458b9dc3db65f8da69f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7241699https://doaj.org/toc/1687-4129The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As isatin-containing compounds exhibit several remarkable biological activities, isatin derivatives were prepared to combat the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 that is gripping the world. Herein, the synthesis of novel isatin derivatives has been reported. The cytotoxic activities of the compounds were determined using cancer cell (MCF-7) and normal cell (MCF-10A and MRC-5) lines. In silico molecular docking experiments were conducted using AutoDock Vina. We have successfully predicted the binding energies and the number of hydrogen bonds present. We have also identified the residues involved in hydrogen bond formation. The target compounds were synthesized using Schiff base following cyclization and Knoevenagel condensation reactions. We have focused on the recyclable synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extracts obtained from Dipteryx odorata. The extracts were used to reduce silver ions for the production of AgNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited excellent catalytic activities during the synthesis of isatin derivatives in ethanol. The formation of the target isatin derivatives has been confirmed using the Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis techniques. Compound 3e was found to be the most active compound when tested against the MCF-7 cancer cell line (IC50=20.5 μM). The activity was comparable to the activities of standard doxorubicin and other compounds. In silico molecular docking experiments were conducted to study the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6LU7). Compound 3c exhibited high binding ability (−9.4 kcal/mol). The inhibition ability was studied using hydroxychloroquine as a standard. Results from docking studies revealed that the inhibition ability of compound 3c was higher than the inhibition abilities exhibited by other compounds. The synthesized compound 3e is a potential antiviral drug that can be used for treating the COVID-19 disease.Ponnusamy PackialakshmiPerumal GobinathKaliappillai VijayakumarDaoud AliSaud AlarifiBalasubramani Ravindrannull PitchaiSanganRadhakrishnan SurendrakumarHindawi LimitedarticleTechnology (General)T1-995ENJournal of Nanomaterials, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Technology (General) T1-995
spellingShingle	Technology (General) T1-995 Ponnusamy Packialakshmi Perumal Gobinath Kaliappillai Vijayakumar Daoud Ali Saud Alarifi Balasubramani Ravindran null PitchaiSangan Radhakrishnan Surendrakumar Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
description	The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As isatin-containing compounds exhibit several remarkable biological activities, isatin derivatives were prepared to combat the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 that is gripping the world. Herein, the synthesis of novel isatin derivatives has been reported. The cytotoxic activities of the compounds were determined using cancer cell (MCF-7) and normal cell (MCF-10A and MRC-5) lines. In silico molecular docking experiments were conducted using AutoDock Vina. We have successfully predicted the binding energies and the number of hydrogen bonds present. We have also identified the residues involved in hydrogen bond formation. The target compounds were synthesized using Schiff base following cyclization and Knoevenagel condensation reactions. We have focused on the recyclable synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extracts obtained from Dipteryx odorata. The extracts were used to reduce silver ions for the production of AgNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited excellent catalytic activities during the synthesis of isatin derivatives in ethanol. The formation of the target isatin derivatives has been confirmed using the Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis techniques. Compound 3e was found to be the most active compound when tested against the MCF-7 cancer cell line (IC50=20.5 μM). The activity was comparable to the activities of standard doxorubicin and other compounds. In silico molecular docking experiments were conducted to study the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6LU7). Compound 3c exhibited high binding ability (−9.4 kcal/mol). The inhibition ability was studied using hydroxychloroquine as a standard. Results from docking studies revealed that the inhibition ability of compound 3c was higher than the inhibition abilities exhibited by other compounds. The synthesized compound 3e is a potential antiviral drug that can be used for treating the COVID-19 disease.
format	article
author	Ponnusamy Packialakshmi Perumal Gobinath Kaliappillai Vijayakumar Daoud Ali Saud Alarifi Balasubramani Ravindran null PitchaiSangan Radhakrishnan Surendrakumar
author_facet	Ponnusamy Packialakshmi Perumal Gobinath Kaliappillai Vijayakumar Daoud Ali Saud Alarifi Balasubramani Ravindran null PitchaiSangan Radhakrishnan Surendrakumar
author_sort	Ponnusamy Packialakshmi
title	Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
title_short	Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
title_full	Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
title_fullStr	Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds
title_sort	synthesis of isatin derivatives using silver nanoparticles as green catalyst: study of molecular docking interactions in sars-cov-2 3c-like protease and determination of cytotoxic activities of the compounds
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/abb61240ebb94458b9dc3db65f8da69f
work_keys_str_mv	AT ponnusamypackialakshmi synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT perumalgobinath synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT kaliappillaivijayakumar synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT daoudali synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT saudalarifi synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT balasubramaniravindran synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT nullpitchaisangan synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds AT radhakrishnansurendrakumar synthesisofisatinderivativesusingsilvernanoparticlesasgreencatalyststudyofmoleculardockinginteractionsinsarscov23clikeproteaseanddeterminationofcytotoxicactivitiesofthecompounds
_version_	1718443126813622272

Synthesis of Isatin Derivatives Using Silver Nanoparticles as Green Catalyst: Study of Molecular Docking Interactions in SARS-CoV-2 3c-Like Protease and Determination of Cytotoxic Activities of the Compounds

Ejemplares similares