Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns

The ridge–furrow mulching system with plastic film (RFMS) has been widely used in semi-arid areas in order to improve soil water and heat conditions, crop yields and water use efficiency. It is of practical significance to study the effect of mulching and ridge types on soil water and heat in order...

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Autores principales:	Ruofan Li, Juanjuan Ma, Xihuan Sun, Xianghong Guo, Lijian Zheng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	full plastic film mulching ridge morphologies soil water and heat HYDRUS-2D water balance Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ac201e3dbaee41b0abac1cf6f4fca517
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ac201e3dbaee41b0abac1cf6f4fca5172021-11-25T15:59:08ZSimulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns10.3390/agriculture111110992077-0472https://doaj.org/article/ac201e3dbaee41b0abac1cf6f4fca5172021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1099https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472The ridge–furrow mulching system with plastic film (RFMS) has been widely used in semi-arid areas in order to improve soil water and heat conditions, crop yields and water use efficiency. It is of practical significance to study the effect of mulching and ridge types on soil water and heat in order to optimize mulching measures and improve the effectiveness of the ridge and furrow system. To clarify the combined effect of soil water and heat beneath the system and the influence of ridge morphology on it, field experiments were conducted with three treatments, including conventional planting in bare land (CK), a ridge–furrow (wide ridge with 70 cm width and 10 cm height, narrow ridge with 40 cm width and 15 cm height) mulching system with complete plastic film (RFWN) and a ridge–furrow (equal ridge with 55 cm width and 15 cm height) mulching system with complete plastic film (RFE). An insufficient irrigation system was adopted and the two-dimensional numerical software HYDRUS-2D was used to simulate the soil water and heat flow under the experimental conditions. The model was calibrated and verified according to test data for the period of 2018 to 2019, which showed good agreement between the simulated and measured values. The simulation results revealed that the ground temperatures of RFWN and RFE were much higher than that of CK, and the average value of 0–25 cm during the growth period could increase by 2.29–4.61%. Compared with CK, RFWN and RFE reduced soil evaporation (84.71–93.73%) and field evapotranspiration (12.02–21.75%), while they increased root water uptake (25.87–40.98%) and <i>T/ET</i> (48.85–80.15%). Plastic film mulching and ridge morphologies affected the infiltration range and the direction of soil water movement, increased soil moisture when there was no rainfall or irrigation and reduced soil water and heat fluctuations, which was more conducive to crop growth, especially under the RFWN system. The simulation method proposed in this paper is an effective technique for calculating the soil water and heat dynamics under different ridge and furrow sections under the condition of film mulching, and it can be used for the optimal management of soil water and heat in this area.Ruofan LiJuanjuan MaXihuan SunXianghong GuoLijian ZhengMDPI AGarticlefull plastic film mulchingridge morphologiessoil water and heatHYDRUS-2Dwater balanceAgriculture (General)S1-972ENAgriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1099, p 1099 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	full plastic film mulching ridge morphologies soil water and heat HYDRUS-2D water balance Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	full plastic film mulching ridge morphologies soil water and heat HYDRUS-2D water balance Agriculture (General) S1-972 Ruofan Li Juanjuan Ma Xihuan Sun Xianghong Guo Lijian Zheng Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
description	The ridge–furrow mulching system with plastic film (RFMS) has been widely used in semi-arid areas in order to improve soil water and heat conditions, crop yields and water use efficiency. It is of practical significance to study the effect of mulching and ridge types on soil water and heat in order to optimize mulching measures and improve the effectiveness of the ridge and furrow system. To clarify the combined effect of soil water and heat beneath the system and the influence of ridge morphology on it, field experiments were conducted with three treatments, including conventional planting in bare land (CK), a ridge–furrow (wide ridge with 70 cm width and 10 cm height, narrow ridge with 40 cm width and 15 cm height) mulching system with complete plastic film (RFWN) and a ridge–furrow (equal ridge with 55 cm width and 15 cm height) mulching system with complete plastic film (RFE). An insufficient irrigation system was adopted and the two-dimensional numerical software HYDRUS-2D was used to simulate the soil water and heat flow under the experimental conditions. The model was calibrated and verified according to test data for the period of 2018 to 2019, which showed good agreement between the simulated and measured values. The simulation results revealed that the ground temperatures of RFWN and RFE were much higher than that of CK, and the average value of 0–25 cm during the growth period could increase by 2.29–4.61%. Compared with CK, RFWN and RFE reduced soil evaporation (84.71–93.73%) and field evapotranspiration (12.02–21.75%), while they increased root water uptake (25.87–40.98%) and <i>T/ET</i> (48.85–80.15%). Plastic film mulching and ridge morphologies affected the infiltration range and the direction of soil water movement, increased soil moisture when there was no rainfall or irrigation and reduced soil water and heat fluctuations, which was more conducive to crop growth, especially under the RFWN system. The simulation method proposed in this paper is an effective technique for calculating the soil water and heat dynamics under different ridge and furrow sections under the condition of film mulching, and it can be used for the optimal management of soil water and heat in this area.
format	article
author	Ruofan Li Juanjuan Ma Xihuan Sun Xianghong Guo Lijian Zheng
author_facet	Ruofan Li Juanjuan Ma Xihuan Sun Xianghong Guo Lijian Zheng
author_sort	Ruofan Li
title	Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
title_short	Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
title_full	Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
title_fullStr	Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
title_full_unstemmed	Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns
title_sort	simulation of soil water and heat flow under plastic mulching and different ridge patterns
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ac201e3dbaee41b0abac1cf6f4fca517
work_keys_str_mv	AT ruofanli simulationofsoilwaterandheatflowunderplasticmulchinganddifferentridgepatterns AT juanjuanma simulationofsoilwaterandheatflowunderplasticmulchinganddifferentridgepatterns AT xihuansun simulationofsoilwaterandheatflowunderplasticmulchinganddifferentridgepatterns AT xianghongguo simulationofsoilwaterandheatflowunderplasticmulchinganddifferentridgepatterns AT lijianzheng simulationofsoilwaterandheatflowunderplasticmulchinganddifferentridgepatterns
_version_	1718413399112548352

Simulation of Soil Water and Heat Flow under Plastic Mulching and Different Ridge Patterns

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