Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.

<h4>Background</h4>Depression and anxiety are common in diabetic patients; however, in recent years the frequency of these symptoms has markedly increased worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the frequency and factors associated with depression and anxiety, since they can b...

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Autores principales:	Carlos Tovilla-Zárate, Isela Juárez-Rojop, Yesenia Peralta Jimenez, María Antonia Jiménez, Silvia Vázquez, Deysi Bermúdez-Ocaña, Teresa Ramón-Frías, Alma D Genis Mendoza, Sherezada Pool García, Lilia López Narváez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ac2c0435a24445faaaf16e3857c9d93d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ac2c0435a24445faaaf16e3857c9d93d2021-11-18T07:18:01ZPrevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0036887https://doaj.org/article/ac2c0435a24445faaaf16e3857c9d93d2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22629339/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Depression and anxiety are common in diabetic patients; however, in recent years the frequency of these symptoms has markedly increased worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the frequency and factors associated with depression and anxiety, since they can be responsible for premature morbidity, mortality, risk of developing comorbidities, complications, suffering of patients, as well as escalation of costs. We studied the frequency of depression and anxiety in Mexican outpatients with type 2 diabetes and identified the risk factors for depression and anxiety.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We performed a study in 820 patients with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was estimated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, respectively. We calculated the proportions for depression and anxiety and, after adjusting for confounding variables, we performed multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regressions to evaluate the combined effect of the various factors associated with anxiety and depression among persons with type 2 diabetes. The rates for depression and anxiety were 48.27% (95% CI: 44.48-52.06) and 55.10% (95% CI: 51.44-58.93), respectively. Occupation and complications in diabetes were the factors associated with anxiety, whereas glucose level and complications in diabetes were associated with depression. Complications in diabetes was a factor common to depression and anxiety (p<0.0001; OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.29-2.4).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our findings demonstrate that a large proportion of diabetic patients present depression and/or anxiety. We also identified a significant association between complications in diabetes with depression and anxiety. Interventions are necessary to hinder the appearance of complications in diabetes and in consequence prevent depression and anxiety.Carlos Tovilla-ZárateIsela Juárez-RojopYesenia Peralta JimenezMaría Antonia JiménezSilvia VázquezDeysi Bermúdez-OcañaTeresa Ramón-FríasAlma D Genis MendozaSherezada Pool GarcíaLilia López NarváezPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 5, p e36887 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Carlos Tovilla-Zárate Isela Juárez-Rojop Yesenia Peralta Jimenez María Antonia Jiménez Silvia Vázquez Deysi Bermúdez-Ocaña Teresa Ramón-Frías Alma D Genis Mendoza Sherezada Pool García Lilia López Narváez Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Depression and anxiety are common in diabetic patients; however, in recent years the frequency of these symptoms has markedly increased worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the frequency and factors associated with depression and anxiety, since they can be responsible for premature morbidity, mortality, risk of developing comorbidities, complications, suffering of patients, as well as escalation of costs. We studied the frequency of depression and anxiety in Mexican outpatients with type 2 diabetes and identified the risk factors for depression and anxiety.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We performed a study in 820 patients with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was estimated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, respectively. We calculated the proportions for depression and anxiety and, after adjusting for confounding variables, we performed multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regressions to evaluate the combined effect of the various factors associated with anxiety and depression among persons with type 2 diabetes. The rates for depression and anxiety were 48.27% (95% CI: 44.48-52.06) and 55.10% (95% CI: 51.44-58.93), respectively. Occupation and complications in diabetes were the factors associated with anxiety, whereas glucose level and complications in diabetes were associated with depression. Complications in diabetes was a factor common to depression and anxiety (p<0.0001; OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.29-2.4).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our findings demonstrate that a large proportion of diabetic patients present depression and/or anxiety. We also identified a significant association between complications in diabetes with depression and anxiety. Interventions are necessary to hinder the appearance of complications in diabetes and in consequence prevent depression and anxiety.
format	article
author	Carlos Tovilla-Zárate Isela Juárez-Rojop Yesenia Peralta Jimenez María Antonia Jiménez Silvia Vázquez Deysi Bermúdez-Ocaña Teresa Ramón-Frías Alma D Genis Mendoza Sherezada Pool García Lilia López Narváez
author_facet	Carlos Tovilla-Zárate Isela Juárez-Rojop Yesenia Peralta Jimenez María Antonia Jiménez Silvia Vázquez Deysi Bermúdez-Ocaña Teresa Ramón-Frías Alma D Genis Mendoza Sherezada Pool García Lilia López Narváez
author_sort	Carlos Tovilla-Zárate
title	Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
title_short	Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
title_full	Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
title_fullStr	Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
title_sort	prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the mexican population.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/ac2c0435a24445faaaf16e3857c9d93d
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Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.

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