Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.

<h4>Introduction</h4>In 2011, member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa Regional Office (AFRO) resolved to eliminate Measles by 2020. Our study aims to assess The Gambia's progress towards the set AFRO measles elimination target and highlight surveillance and immun...

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Autores principales:	Alieu Sowe, Mbye Njie, Dawda Sowe, Sidat Fofana, Lamin Ceesay, Yaya Camara, Brook Tesfaye, Samba Bah, Alieu K Bah, Abdoulie K Baldeh, Bakary D Dampha, Samba N Baldeh, Alagie Touray
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ac37486ac5a7401bad6744c5231b4c31
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ac37486ac5a7401bad6744c5231b4c312021-12-02T20:16:38ZEpidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258961https://doaj.org/article/ac37486ac5a7401bad6744c5231b4c312021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258961https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>In 2011, member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa Regional Office (AFRO) resolved to eliminate Measles by 2020. Our study aims to assess The Gambia's progress towards the set AFRO measles elimination target and highlight surveillance and immunisation gaps to better inform future measles prevention strategies.<h4>Material and methods</h4>A retrospective review of measles surveillance data for the period 2011-2019, was extracted from The Gambia case-based measles surveillance database. WHO-UNICEF national coverage estimates were used for estimating national level MCV coverage. Measles post campaign coverage survey coverage estimates were used to estimate national measles campaign coverage.<h4>Results</h4>One hundred and twenty-five of the 863 reported suspected cases were laboratory confirmed as measles cases. More than half (53.6%) of the confirmed cases have unknown vaccination status, 24% of cases were vaccinated, 52.8% of cases occurred among males, and 72.8% cases were among urban residents. The incidence of measles cases per million population was lowest (0) in 2011-2012 and highest in 2015 and 2016 (31 and 23 respectively). The indicator for surveillance sensitivity was met in all years except in 2016 and 2019. Children aged 5-9 years (Incidence Rate Ratio-IRR = 0.6) and residents of Central River region (IRR = 0.21) had lower measles risk whilst unvaccinated (Adjusted IRR = 5.95) and those with unknown vaccination status (IRR 2.21) had higher measles risk. Vaccine effectiveness was 89.5%.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The Gambia's quest to attain measles elimination status by 2020 has registered significant success but it is unlikely that all target indicators will be met. Vaccination has been very effective in preventing cases. There is variation in measles risk by health region, and it will be important to take it into account when designing prevention and control strategies. The quality of case investigations should be improved to enhance the quality of surveillance for decision making.Alieu SoweMbye NjieDawda SoweSidat FofanaLamin CeesayYaya CamaraBrook TesfayeSamba BahAlieu K BahAbdoulie K BaldehBakary D DamphaSamba N BaldehAlagie TourayPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258961 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alieu Sowe Mbye Njie Dawda Sowe Sidat Fofana Lamin Ceesay Yaya Camara Brook Tesfaye Samba Bah Alieu K Bah Abdoulie K Baldeh Bakary D Dampha Samba N Baldeh Alagie Touray Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>In 2011, member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa Regional Office (AFRO) resolved to eliminate Measles by 2020. Our study aims to assess The Gambia's progress towards the set AFRO measles elimination target and highlight surveillance and immunisation gaps to better inform future measles prevention strategies.<h4>Material and methods</h4>A retrospective review of measles surveillance data for the period 2011-2019, was extracted from The Gambia case-based measles surveillance database. WHO-UNICEF national coverage estimates were used for estimating national level MCV coverage. Measles post campaign coverage survey coverage estimates were used to estimate national measles campaign coverage.<h4>Results</h4>One hundred and twenty-five of the 863 reported suspected cases were laboratory confirmed as measles cases. More than half (53.6%) of the confirmed cases have unknown vaccination status, 24% of cases were vaccinated, 52.8% of cases occurred among males, and 72.8% cases were among urban residents. The incidence of measles cases per million population was lowest (0) in 2011-2012 and highest in 2015 and 2016 (31 and 23 respectively). The indicator for surveillance sensitivity was met in all years except in 2016 and 2019. Children aged 5-9 years (Incidence Rate Ratio-IRR = 0.6) and residents of Central River region (IRR = 0.21) had lower measles risk whilst unvaccinated (Adjusted IRR = 5.95) and those with unknown vaccination status (IRR 2.21) had higher measles risk. Vaccine effectiveness was 89.5%.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The Gambia's quest to attain measles elimination status by 2020 has registered significant success but it is unlikely that all target indicators will be met. Vaccination has been very effective in preventing cases. There is variation in measles risk by health region, and it will be important to take it into account when designing prevention and control strategies. The quality of case investigations should be improved to enhance the quality of surveillance for decision making.
format	article
author	Alieu Sowe Mbye Njie Dawda Sowe Sidat Fofana Lamin Ceesay Yaya Camara Brook Tesfaye Samba Bah Alieu K Bah Abdoulie K Baldeh Bakary D Dampha Samba N Baldeh Alagie Touray
author_facet	Alieu Sowe Mbye Njie Dawda Sowe Sidat Fofana Lamin Ceesay Yaya Camara Brook Tesfaye Samba Bah Alieu K Bah Abdoulie K Baldeh Bakary D Dampha Samba N Baldeh Alagie Touray
author_sort	Alieu Sowe
title	Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
title_short	Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
title_full	Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
title_fullStr	Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
title_full_unstemmed	Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.
title_sort	epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in the gambia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ac37486ac5a7401bad6744c5231b4c31
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Epidemiology of measles cases, vaccine effectiveness, and performance towards measles elimination in The Gambia.

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