Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria

ABSTRACT Invasive species could benefit from being introduced to locations with more favorable species interactions, including the loss of enemies, the gain of mutualists, or the simplification of complex interaction networks. Microbiomes are an important source of species interactions with strong f...

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Autores principales:	Patricia Lu-Irving, Julia G. Harenčár, Hailey Sounart, Shana R. Welles, Sarah M. Swope, David A. Baltrus, Katrina M. Dlugosch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	bacterial communities invasive species phyllosphere plant microbiomes rhizosphere species introductions Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ac444f4542ca43f282227ba0eabb979e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ac444f4542ca43f282227ba0eabb979e2021-11-15T15:22:22ZNative and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria10.1128/mSphere.00088-192379-5042https://doaj.org/article/ac444f4542ca43f282227ba0eabb979e2019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00088-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Invasive species could benefit from being introduced to locations with more favorable species interactions, including the loss of enemies, the gain of mutualists, or the simplification of complex interaction networks. Microbiomes are an important source of species interactions with strong fitness effects on multicellular organisms, and these interactions are known to vary across regions. The highly invasive plant yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) has been shown to experience more favorable microbial interactions in its invasions of the Americas, but the microbiome that must contribute to this variation in interactions is unknown. We sequenced amplicons of 16S rRNA genes to characterize bacterial community compositions in the phyllosphere, ectorhizosphere, and endorhizosphere of yellow starthistle plants from seven invading populations in California, USA, and eight native populations in Europe. We tested for the differentiation of microbiomes by geography, plant compartment, and plant genotype. Bacterial communities differed significantly between native and invading plants within plant compartments, with consistently lower diversity in the microbiome of invading plants. The diversity of bacteria in roots was positively correlated with plant genotype diversity within both ranges, but this relationship did not explain microbiome differences between ranges. Our results reveal that these invading plants are experiencing either a simplified microbial environment or simplified microbial interactions as a result of the dominance of a few taxa within their microbiome. Our findings highlight several alternative hypotheses for the sources of variation that we observe in invader microbiomes and the potential for altered bacterial interactions to facilitate invasion success. IMPORTANCE Previous studies have found that introduced plants commonly experience more favorable microbial interactions in their non-native range, suggesting that changes to the microbiome could be an important contributor to invasion success. Little is known about microbiome variation across native and invading populations, however, and the potential sources of more favorable interactions are undescribed. Here, we report one of the first microbiome comparisons of plants from multiple native and invading populations, in the noxious weed yellow starthistle. We identify clear differences in composition and diversity of microbiome bacteria. Our findings raise new questions about the sources of these differences, and we outline the next generation of research that will be required to connect microbiome variation to its potential role in plant invasions.Patricia Lu-IrvingJulia G. HarenčárHailey SounartShana R. WellesSarah M. SwopeDavid A. BaltrusKatrina M. DlugoschAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlebacterial communitiesinvasive speciesphyllosphereplant microbiomesrhizospherespecies introductionsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 4, Iss 2 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacterial communities invasive species phyllosphere plant microbiomes rhizosphere species introductions Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	bacterial communities invasive species phyllosphere plant microbiomes rhizosphere species introductions Microbiology QR1-502 Patricia Lu-Irving Julia G. Harenčár Hailey Sounart Shana R. Welles Sarah M. Swope David A. Baltrus Katrina M. Dlugosch Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
description	ABSTRACT Invasive species could benefit from being introduced to locations with more favorable species interactions, including the loss of enemies, the gain of mutualists, or the simplification of complex interaction networks. Microbiomes are an important source of species interactions with strong fitness effects on multicellular organisms, and these interactions are known to vary across regions. The highly invasive plant yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) has been shown to experience more favorable microbial interactions in its invasions of the Americas, but the microbiome that must contribute to this variation in interactions is unknown. We sequenced amplicons of 16S rRNA genes to characterize bacterial community compositions in the phyllosphere, ectorhizosphere, and endorhizosphere of yellow starthistle plants from seven invading populations in California, USA, and eight native populations in Europe. We tested for the differentiation of microbiomes by geography, plant compartment, and plant genotype. Bacterial communities differed significantly between native and invading plants within plant compartments, with consistently lower diversity in the microbiome of invading plants. The diversity of bacteria in roots was positively correlated with plant genotype diversity within both ranges, but this relationship did not explain microbiome differences between ranges. Our results reveal that these invading plants are experiencing either a simplified microbial environment or simplified microbial interactions as a result of the dominance of a few taxa within their microbiome. Our findings highlight several alternative hypotheses for the sources of variation that we observe in invader microbiomes and the potential for altered bacterial interactions to facilitate invasion success. IMPORTANCE Previous studies have found that introduced plants commonly experience more favorable microbial interactions in their non-native range, suggesting that changes to the microbiome could be an important contributor to invasion success. Little is known about microbiome variation across native and invading populations, however, and the potential sources of more favorable interactions are undescribed. Here, we report one of the first microbiome comparisons of plants from multiple native and invading populations, in the noxious weed yellow starthistle. We identify clear differences in composition and diversity of microbiome bacteria. Our findings raise new questions about the sources of these differences, and we outline the next generation of research that will be required to connect microbiome variation to its potential role in plant invasions.
format	article
author	Patricia Lu-Irving Julia G. Harenčár Hailey Sounart Shana R. Welles Sarah M. Swope David A. Baltrus Katrina M. Dlugosch
author_facet	Patricia Lu-Irving Julia G. Harenčár Hailey Sounart Shana R. Welles Sarah M. Swope David A. Baltrus Katrina M. Dlugosch
author_sort	Patricia Lu-Irving
title	Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
title_short	Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
title_full	Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
title_fullStr	Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria
title_sort	native and invading yellow starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) microbiomes differ in composition and diversity of bacteria
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/ac444f4542ca43f282227ba0eabb979e
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Native and Invading Yellow Starthistle (<named-content content-type="genus-species">Centaurea solstitialis</named-content>) Microbiomes Differ in Composition and Diversity of Bacteria

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