Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine

Phospholipids (PL) are converted into lipid biomarkers by the action of phospholipases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are activated or released under certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the in vivo concentration of such lipid biomarkers [e.g., lysophospholip...

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Autores principales:	Kathrin M. Engel, Jürgen Schiller, Christina E. Galuska, Beate Fuchs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	disease markers inflammation lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine phospholipids phospholipase Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ac5f91fee6fc4444adb70b3d13e03834
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ac5f91fee6fc4444adb70b3d13e038342021-11-10T07:49:48ZPhospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.732319https://doaj.org/article/ac5f91fee6fc4444adb70b3d13e038342021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.732319/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XPhospholipids (PL) are converted into lipid biomarkers by the action of phospholipases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are activated or released under certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the in vivo concentration of such lipid biomarkers [e.g., lysophospholipids (LPLs)] is altered in humans and animals under different conditions such as inflammation, stress, medication, and nutrition. LPLs are particularly interesting because they are known to possess pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and may be generated by two different pathways: either by the influence of phospholipase A2 or by different reactive oxygen species that are generated in significant amounts under inflammatory conditions. Both lead to the cleavage of unsaturated acyl residues. This review provides a short summary of the mechanisms by which lipid biomarkers are generated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The focus will be on lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) because usually, this is the LPL species which occurs in the highest concentration and is, thus, easily detectable by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Finally, the effects of lipid biomarkers as signaling molecules and their roles in different human and animal pathologies such as infertility, cancer, atherosclerosis, and aging will be shortly discussed.Kathrin M. EngelJürgen SchillerChristina E. GaluskaBeate FuchsFrontiers Media S.A.articledisease markersinflammationlysophospholipidslysophosphatidylcholinephospholipidsphospholipasePhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	disease markers inflammation lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine phospholipids phospholipase Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	disease markers inflammation lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine phospholipids phospholipase Physiology QP1-981 Kathrin M. Engel Jürgen Schiller Christina E. Galuska Beate Fuchs Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
description	Phospholipids (PL) are converted into lipid biomarkers by the action of phospholipases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are activated or released under certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the in vivo concentration of such lipid biomarkers [e.g., lysophospholipids (LPLs)] is altered in humans and animals under different conditions such as inflammation, stress, medication, and nutrition. LPLs are particularly interesting because they are known to possess pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and may be generated by two different pathways: either by the influence of phospholipase A2 or by different reactive oxygen species that are generated in significant amounts under inflammatory conditions. Both lead to the cleavage of unsaturated acyl residues. This review provides a short summary of the mechanisms by which lipid biomarkers are generated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The focus will be on lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) because usually, this is the LPL species which occurs in the highest concentration and is, thus, easily detectable by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Finally, the effects of lipid biomarkers as signaling molecules and their roles in different human and animal pathologies such as infertility, cancer, atherosclerosis, and aging will be shortly discussed.
format	article
author	Kathrin M. Engel Jürgen Schiller Christina E. Galuska Beate Fuchs
author_facet	Kathrin M. Engel Jürgen Schiller Christina E. Galuska Beate Fuchs
author_sort	Kathrin M. Engel
title	Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
title_short	Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
title_full	Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
title_fullStr	Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
title_full_unstemmed	Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine
title_sort	phospholipases and reactive oxygen species derived lipid biomarkers in healthy and diseased humans and animals – a focus on lysophosphatidylcholine
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ac5f91fee6fc4444adb70b3d13e03834
work_keys_str_mv	AT kathrinmengel phospholipasesandreactiveoxygenspeciesderivedlipidbiomarkersinhealthyanddiseasedhumansandanimalsafocusonlysophosphatidylcholine AT jurgenschiller phospholipasesandreactiveoxygenspeciesderivedlipidbiomarkersinhealthyanddiseasedhumansandanimalsafocusonlysophosphatidylcholine AT christinaegaluska phospholipasesandreactiveoxygenspeciesderivedlipidbiomarkersinhealthyanddiseasedhumansandanimalsafocusonlysophosphatidylcholine AT beatefuchs phospholipasesandreactiveoxygenspeciesderivedlipidbiomarkersinhealthyanddiseasedhumansandanimalsafocusonlysophosphatidylcholine
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Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals – A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine

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