A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa

A small-scale water harvesting structure known as a sand dam has gained popularity across East Africa due to the efforts of non-governmental organizations. A sand dam is a subsurface water reservoir that stores water between sand grains. Stored thus, the water is filtered and protected from evaporat...

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Autores principales:	J. A. Eisma, V. Merwade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	generalized linear model principal component analysis remote sensing sand dam spatial autocorrelation Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/acd1126d9d934af686affe838c5d43c0
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:acd1126d9d934af686affe838c5d43c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:acd1126d9d934af686affe838c5d43c02021-11-05T17:43:05ZA data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa1464-71411465-173410.2166/hydro.2021.115https://doaj.org/article/acd1126d9d934af686affe838c5d43c02021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jh.iwaponline.com/content/23/2/352https://doaj.org/toc/1464-7141https://doaj.org/toc/1465-1734A small-scale water harvesting structure known as a sand dam has gained popularity across East Africa due to the efforts of non-governmental organizations. A sand dam is a subsurface water reservoir that stores water between sand grains. Stored thus, the water is filtered and protected from evaporation. This study uses remotely sensed data to investigate the impact of these structures on water storage and vegetative growth. The relationship between sand dams and water storage was modeled using a binary sand dam factor, climate data from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network Land Data Assimilation System (FLDAS), and water storage data measured by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) twin satellites. The analysis revealed that GRACE largely fails to detect a statistically significant impact of sand dams on regional water storage. However, analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) indicated that sand dams have a significant impact on regional vegetation. Vegetative growth is correlated with groundwater levels, indicating that sand dams have a positive impact on water storage albeit on a smaller scale than GRACE can regularly detect. Significantly, this study shows that NDVI data can be used effectively to study small-scale, regional changes in vegetation and water storage. HIGHLIGHTS The impact of small-scale water harvesting structures on regional water resources is explored through spatial generalized linear models of remote sensing products.; Sand dams increase regional vegetation, which suggests groundwater levels are also positively impacted.; Sand dams may have a smaller impact on groundwater levels than believed.; NDVI and, to a lesser extent, GRACE record the impact of sand dams.;J. A. EismaV. MerwadeIWA Publishingarticlegeneralized linear modelprincipal component analysisremote sensingsand damspatial autocorrelationInformation technologyT58.5-58.64Environmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENJournal of Hydroinformatics, Vol 23, Iss 2, Pp 352-367 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	generalized linear model principal component analysis remote sensing sand dam spatial autocorrelation Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	generalized linear model principal component analysis remote sensing sand dam spatial autocorrelation Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 J. A. Eisma V. Merwade A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
description	A small-scale water harvesting structure known as a sand dam has gained popularity across East Africa due to the efforts of non-governmental organizations. A sand dam is a subsurface water reservoir that stores water between sand grains. Stored thus, the water is filtered and protected from evaporation. This study uses remotely sensed data to investigate the impact of these structures on water storage and vegetative growth. The relationship between sand dams and water storage was modeled using a binary sand dam factor, climate data from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network Land Data Assimilation System (FLDAS), and water storage data measured by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) twin satellites. The analysis revealed that GRACE largely fails to detect a statistically significant impact of sand dams on regional water storage. However, analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) indicated that sand dams have a significant impact on regional vegetation. Vegetative growth is correlated with groundwater levels, indicating that sand dams have a positive impact on water storage albeit on a smaller scale than GRACE can regularly detect. Significantly, this study shows that NDVI data can be used effectively to study small-scale, regional changes in vegetation and water storage. HIGHLIGHTS The impact of small-scale water harvesting structures on regional water resources is explored through spatial generalized linear models of remote sensing products.; Sand dams increase regional vegetation, which suggests groundwater levels are also positively impacted.; Sand dams may have a smaller impact on groundwater levels than believed.; NDVI and, to a lesser extent, GRACE record the impact of sand dams.;
format	article
author	J. A. Eisma V. Merwade
author_facet	J. A. Eisma V. Merwade
author_sort	J. A. Eisma
title	A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
title_short	A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
title_full	A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
title_fullStr	A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
title_full_unstemmed	A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa
title_sort	data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in east africa
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/acd1126d9d934af686affe838c5d43c0
work_keys_str_mv	AT jaeisma adatadrivenapproachtoassessingtheimpactofwaterharvestingstructuresonregionalwaterstorageineastafrica AT vmerwade adatadrivenapproachtoassessingtheimpactofwaterharvestingstructuresonregionalwaterstorageineastafrica AT jaeisma datadrivenapproachtoassessingtheimpactofwaterharvestingstructuresonregionalwaterstorageineastafrica AT vmerwade datadrivenapproachtoassessingtheimpactofwaterharvestingstructuresonregionalwaterstorageineastafrica
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A data-driven approach to assessing the impact of water harvesting structures on regional water storage in East Africa

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