Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers

Zeynep Ay Şenyiğit,1 Sinem Yaprak Karavana,1 Derya İlem-Özdemir,2 Çağrı Çalışkan,2 Claudia Waldner,3 Sait Şen,4 Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch,5 Esra Baloğlu1 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 2Fac...

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Autores principales: Ay Şenyiğit Z, Karavana SY, İlem-Özdemir D, Çalışkan Ç, Waldner C, Şen S, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Baloğlu E
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2015
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:ad42a63af67248e494d4f5fa7425afc82021-12-02T05:40:29ZDesign and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/ad42a63af67248e494d4f5fa7425afc82015-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/design-and-evaluation-of-an-intravesical-delivery-system-for-superfici-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Zeynep Ay Şenyiğit,1 Sinem Yaprak Karavana,1 Derya İlem-Özdemir,2 Çağrı Çalışkan,2 Claudia Waldner,3 Sait Şen,4 Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch,5 Esra Baloğlu1 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 3ThioMatrix, Forschungs-Beratungs GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria; 4Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 5Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaAbstract: This study aimed to develop an intravesical delivery system of gemcitabine HCl for superficial bladder cancer in order to provide a controlled release profile, to prolong the residence time, and to avoid drug elimination via urination. For this aim, bioadhesive nanoparticles were prepared with thiolated chitosan (chitosan–thioglycolic acid conjugate) and were dispersed in bioadhesive chitosan gel or in an in situ gelling poloxamer formulation in order to improve intravesical residence time. In addition, nanoparticle-loaded gels were diluted with artificial urine to mimic in vivo conditions in the bladder and were characterized regarding changes in gel structure. The obtained results showed that chitosan-thioglycolic acid nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 174.5±3.762 nm and zeta potential of 32.100±0.575 mV were successfully developed via ionotropic gelation and that the encapsulation efficiency of gemcitabine HCl was nearly 20%. In vitro/ex vivo characterization studies demonstrated that both nanoparticles and nanoparticle-loaded chitosan and poloxamer gels might be alternative carriers for intravesical administration of gemcitabine HCl, prolonging its residence time in the bladder and hence improving treatment efficacy. However, when the gel formulations were diluted with artificial urine, poloxamer gels lost their in situ gelling properties at body temperature, which is in conflict with the aimed formulation property. Therefore, 2% chitosan gel formulation was found to be a more promising carrier system for intravesical administration of nanoparticles. Keywords: chitosan–TGA, nanoparticle, gemcitabine HCl, intravesical administration, chitosan, poloxamer, superficial bladder cancerAy Şenyiğit ZKaravana SYİlem-Özdemir DÇalışkan ÇWaldner CŞen SBernkop-Schnürch ABaloğlu EDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 6493-6507 (2015)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle Medicine (General)
R5-920
Ay Şenyiğit Z
Karavana SY
İlem-Özdemir D
Çalışkan Ç
Waldner C
Şen S
Bernkop-Schnürch A
Baloğlu E
Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
description Zeynep Ay Şenyiğit,1 Sinem Yaprak Karavana,1 Derya İlem-Özdemir,2 Çağrı Çalışkan,2 Claudia Waldner,3 Sait Şen,4 Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch,5 Esra Baloğlu1 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 3ThioMatrix, Forschungs-Beratungs GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria; 4Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey; 5Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaAbstract: This study aimed to develop an intravesical delivery system of gemcitabine HCl for superficial bladder cancer in order to provide a controlled release profile, to prolong the residence time, and to avoid drug elimination via urination. For this aim, bioadhesive nanoparticles were prepared with thiolated chitosan (chitosan–thioglycolic acid conjugate) and were dispersed in bioadhesive chitosan gel or in an in situ gelling poloxamer formulation in order to improve intravesical residence time. In addition, nanoparticle-loaded gels were diluted with artificial urine to mimic in vivo conditions in the bladder and were characterized regarding changes in gel structure. The obtained results showed that chitosan-thioglycolic acid nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 174.5±3.762 nm and zeta potential of 32.100±0.575 mV were successfully developed via ionotropic gelation and that the encapsulation efficiency of gemcitabine HCl was nearly 20%. In vitro/ex vivo characterization studies demonstrated that both nanoparticles and nanoparticle-loaded chitosan and poloxamer gels might be alternative carriers for intravesical administration of gemcitabine HCl, prolonging its residence time in the bladder and hence improving treatment efficacy. However, when the gel formulations were diluted with artificial urine, poloxamer gels lost their in situ gelling properties at body temperature, which is in conflict with the aimed formulation property. Therefore, 2% chitosan gel formulation was found to be a more promising carrier system for intravesical administration of nanoparticles. Keywords: chitosan–TGA, nanoparticle, gemcitabine HCl, intravesical administration, chitosan, poloxamer, superficial bladder cancer
format article
author Ay Şenyiğit Z
Karavana SY
İlem-Özdemir D
Çalışkan Ç
Waldner C
Şen S
Bernkop-Schnürch A
Baloğlu E
author_facet Ay Şenyiğit Z
Karavana SY
İlem-Özdemir D
Çalışkan Ç
Waldner C
Şen S
Bernkop-Schnürch A
Baloğlu E
author_sort Ay Şenyiğit Z
title Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
title_short Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
title_full Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
title_fullStr Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
title_full_unstemmed Design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine HCl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
title_sort design and evaluation of an intravesical delivery system for superficial bladder cancer: preparation of gemcitabine hcl-loaded chitosan–thioglycolic acid nanoparticles and comparison of chitosan/poloxamer gels as carriers
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2015
url https://doaj.org/article/ad42a63af67248e494d4f5fa7425afc8
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