The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression
ABSTRACT Arboviruses are pathogens of humans and animals. A better understanding of the interactions between these pathogens and the arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, that transmit them is necessary to develop novel control measures. A major antiviral pathway in the mosquito vector is the exoge...
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American Society for Microbiology
2020
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oai:doaj.org-article:ad649b2afe974779b5bf0d8d13142e162021-11-15T15:29:16ZThe <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression10.1128/mSphere.00081-202379-5042https://doaj.org/article/ad649b2afe974779b5bf0d8d13142e162020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00081-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Arboviruses are pathogens of humans and animals. A better understanding of the interactions between these pathogens and the arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, that transmit them is necessary to develop novel control measures. A major antiviral pathway in the mosquito vector is the exogenous small interfering RNA (exo-siRNA) pathway, which is induced by arbovirus-derived double-stranded RNA in infected cells. Although recent work has shown the key role played by Argonaute-2 (Ago-2) and Dicer-2 (Dcr-2) in this pathway, the regulatory mechanisms that govern these pathways have not been studied in mosquitoes. Here, we show that the Domino ortholog p400 has antiviral activity against the alphavirus Semliki Forest virus (Togaviridae) both in Aedes aegypti-derived cells and in vivo. Antiviral activity of p400 was also demonstrated against chikungunya virus (Togaviridae) and Bunyamwera virus (Peribunyaviridae) but not Zika virus (Flaviviridae). p400 was found to be expressed across mosquito tissues and regulated ago-2 but not dcr-2 transcript levels in A. aegypti mosquitoes. These findings provide novel insights into the regulation of an important aedine exo-siRNA pathway effector protein, Ago-2, by the Domino ortholog p400. They add functional insights to previous observations of this protein’s antiviral and RNA interference regulatory activities in Drosophila melanogaster. IMPORTANCE Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors of human-infecting arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). In recent decades, the incidence of arthropod-borne viral infections has grown dramatically. Vector competence is influenced by many factors, including the mosquito’s antiviral defenses. The exogenous small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is a major antiviral response restricting arboviruses in mosquitoes. While the roles of the effectors of this pathway, Argonaute-2 and Dicer-2 are well characterized, nothing is known about its regulation in mosquitoes. In this study, we demonstrate that A. aegypti p400, whose ortholog Domino in Drosophila melanogaster is a chromatin-remodeling ATPase member of the Tip60 complex, regulates siRNA pathway activity and controls ago-2 expression levels. In addition, we found p400 to have antiviral activity against different arboviruses. Therefore, our study provides new insights into the regulation of the antiviral response in A. aegypti mosquitoes.Melanie McFarlaneFloriane AlmireJoy KeanClaire L. DonaldAlma McDonaldBryan WeeMathilde LaurétiMargus VarjakSandra TerryMarie VazeilleRommel J. GestuveoIsabelle DietrichColin LoneyAnna-Bella FaillouxEsther SchnettlerEmilie PondevilleAlain KohlAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleRNA interferenceago-2arbovirusinnate immunitymosquitop400MicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2020) |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
| topic |
RNA interference ago-2 arbovirus innate immunity mosquito p400 Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
RNA interference ago-2 arbovirus innate immunity mosquito p400 Microbiology QR1-502 Melanie McFarlane Floriane Almire Joy Kean Claire L. Donald Alma McDonald Bryan Wee Mathilde Lauréti Margus Varjak Sandra Terry Marie Vazeille Rommel J. Gestuveo Isabelle Dietrich Colin Loney Anna-Bella Failloux Esther Schnettler Emilie Pondeville Alain Kohl The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| description |
ABSTRACT Arboviruses are pathogens of humans and animals. A better understanding of the interactions between these pathogens and the arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, that transmit them is necessary to develop novel control measures. A major antiviral pathway in the mosquito vector is the exogenous small interfering RNA (exo-siRNA) pathway, which is induced by arbovirus-derived double-stranded RNA in infected cells. Although recent work has shown the key role played by Argonaute-2 (Ago-2) and Dicer-2 (Dcr-2) in this pathway, the regulatory mechanisms that govern these pathways have not been studied in mosquitoes. Here, we show that the Domino ortholog p400 has antiviral activity against the alphavirus Semliki Forest virus (Togaviridae) both in Aedes aegypti-derived cells and in vivo. Antiviral activity of p400 was also demonstrated against chikungunya virus (Togaviridae) and Bunyamwera virus (Peribunyaviridae) but not Zika virus (Flaviviridae). p400 was found to be expressed across mosquito tissues and regulated ago-2 but not dcr-2 transcript levels in A. aegypti mosquitoes. These findings provide novel insights into the regulation of an important aedine exo-siRNA pathway effector protein, Ago-2, by the Domino ortholog p400. They add functional insights to previous observations of this protein’s antiviral and RNA interference regulatory activities in Drosophila melanogaster. IMPORTANCE Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors of human-infecting arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). In recent decades, the incidence of arthropod-borne viral infections has grown dramatically. Vector competence is influenced by many factors, including the mosquito’s antiviral defenses. The exogenous small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is a major antiviral response restricting arboviruses in mosquitoes. While the roles of the effectors of this pathway, Argonaute-2 and Dicer-2 are well characterized, nothing is known about its regulation in mosquitoes. In this study, we demonstrate that A. aegypti p400, whose ortholog Domino in Drosophila melanogaster is a chromatin-remodeling ATPase member of the Tip60 complex, regulates siRNA pathway activity and controls ago-2 expression levels. In addition, we found p400 to have antiviral activity against different arboviruses. Therefore, our study provides new insights into the regulation of the antiviral response in A. aegypti mosquitoes. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Melanie McFarlane Floriane Almire Joy Kean Claire L. Donald Alma McDonald Bryan Wee Mathilde Lauréti Margus Varjak Sandra Terry Marie Vazeille Rommel J. Gestuveo Isabelle Dietrich Colin Loney Anna-Bella Failloux Esther Schnettler Emilie Pondeville Alain Kohl |
| author_facet |
Melanie McFarlane Floriane Almire Joy Kean Claire L. Donald Alma McDonald Bryan Wee Mathilde Lauréti Margus Varjak Sandra Terry Marie Vazeille Rommel J. Gestuveo Isabelle Dietrich Colin Loney Anna-Bella Failloux Esther Schnettler Emilie Pondeville Alain Kohl |
| author_sort |
Melanie McFarlane |
| title |
The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| title_short |
The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| title_full |
The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| title_fullStr |
The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The <named-content content-type="genus-species">Aedes aegypti</named-content> Domino Ortholog p400 Regulates Antiviral Exogenous Small Interfering RNA Pathway Activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> Expression |
| title_sort |
<named-content content-type="genus-species">aedes aegypti</named-content> domino ortholog p400 regulates antiviral exogenous small interfering rna pathway activity and <italic toggle="yes">ago-2</italic> expression |
| publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/ad649b2afe974779b5bf0d8d13142e16 |
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