Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage

Abstract Regenerative cartilage prepared from cultured chondrocytes is generally immature in vitro and matures after transplantation. Although many factors, including host cells and humoral factors, have been shown to affect cartilage maturation in vivo, the requirement of direct cell–cell contact b...

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Autores principales:	Kengo Kanda, Yukiyo Asawa, Ryoko Inaki, Yuko Fujihara, Kazuto Hoshi, Atsuhiko Hikita
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ada51a8afa0f492fb22a6f15dad72f8b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ada51a8afa0f492fb22a6f15dad72f8b2021-11-21T12:24:11ZRequirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage10.1038/s41598-021-01437-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ada51a8afa0f492fb22a6f15dad72f8b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01437-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Regenerative cartilage prepared from cultured chondrocytes is generally immature in vitro and matures after transplantation. Although many factors, including host cells and humoral factors, have been shown to affect cartilage maturation in vivo, the requirement of direct cell–cell contact between host and donor cells remains to be verified. In this study, we examined the host cells that promote cartilage maturation via cell–cell contact. Based on analysis of the transplanted chondrocytes, we examined the contribution of endothelial cells and macrophages. Using a semiclosed device that is permeable to tissue fluids while blocking host cells, we selectively transplanted chondrocytes and HUVECs or untreated/M1-polarized/M2-polarized RAW264.7 cells. As a result, untreated RAW264.7 cells induced cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, an in vitro coculture assay indicated communication between chondrocytes and RAW264.7 cells mediated by RNA, suggesting the involvement of extracellular vesicles in this process. These findings provide insights for establishing a method of in vitro cartilage regeneration.Kengo KandaYukiyo AsawaRyoko InakiYuko FujiharaKazuto HoshiAtsuhiko HikitaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kengo Kanda Yukiyo Asawa Ryoko Inaki Yuko Fujihara Kazuto Hoshi Atsuhiko Hikita Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
description	Abstract Regenerative cartilage prepared from cultured chondrocytes is generally immature in vitro and matures after transplantation. Although many factors, including host cells and humoral factors, have been shown to affect cartilage maturation in vivo, the requirement of direct cell–cell contact between host and donor cells remains to be verified. In this study, we examined the host cells that promote cartilage maturation via cell–cell contact. Based on analysis of the transplanted chondrocytes, we examined the contribution of endothelial cells and macrophages. Using a semiclosed device that is permeable to tissue fluids while blocking host cells, we selectively transplanted chondrocytes and HUVECs or untreated/M1-polarized/M2-polarized RAW264.7 cells. As a result, untreated RAW264.7 cells induced cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, an in vitro coculture assay indicated communication between chondrocytes and RAW264.7 cells mediated by RNA, suggesting the involvement of extracellular vesicles in this process. These findings provide insights for establishing a method of in vitro cartilage regeneration.
format	article
author	Kengo Kanda Yukiyo Asawa Ryoko Inaki Yuko Fujihara Kazuto Hoshi Atsuhiko Hikita
author_facet	Kengo Kanda Yukiyo Asawa Ryoko Inaki Yuko Fujihara Kazuto Hoshi Atsuhiko Hikita
author_sort	Kengo Kanda
title	Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
title_short	Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
title_full	Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
title_fullStr	Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
title_full_unstemmed	Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
title_sort	requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ada51a8afa0f492fb22a6f15dad72f8b
work_keys_str_mv	AT kengokanda requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage AT yukiyoasawa requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage AT ryokoinaki requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage AT yukofujihara requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage AT kazutohoshi requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage AT atsuhikohikita requirementofdirectcontactbetweenchondrocytesandmacrophagesforthematurationofregenerativecartilage
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Requirement of direct contact between chondrocytes and macrophages for the maturation of regenerative cartilage

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