Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region

In a global context where agriculture is the major consumer of water, there is a pressing need to look for alternative water resources. In light of there being a lack of studies that compare the use of diverse water alternatives in different crops, the overall objective of this research is to evalua...

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Autores principales:	María. J. López-Serrano, Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz, José A. Aznar-Sánchez, Isabel M. Román-Sánchez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	tertiary water reclaimed water treated wastewater agriculture irrigation greenhouse Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/adc3f8fe03504caca4ce823478dcfb41
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:adc3f8fe03504caca4ce823478dcfb41
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:adc3f8fe03504caca4ce823478dcfb412021-11-25T16:07:12ZEconomic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region10.3390/agronomy111122182073-4395https://doaj.org/article/adc3f8fe03504caca4ce823478dcfb412021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2218https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395In a global context where agriculture is the major consumer of water, there is a pressing need to look for alternative water resources. In light of there being a lack of studies that compare the use of diverse water alternatives in different crops, the overall objective of this research is to evaluate the impact generated by the use of tertiary water from an economic and financial perspective and compare it with groundwater and desalinated water. To reach this objective, a detailed study of the cost structure of greenhouse investment has been developed. Furthermore, the most traditional indicators for investment profitability have been calculated for the three different water alternatives: tertiary water, groundwater and desalinated water. The cost analyses demonstrate the relative short reach that the price of water has in an area of greenhouse agriculture exploitation, which provides a margin of increasing water costs while still allowing for economic profit. Taking into account the three water resources considered, evidence shows that the use of tertiary water is not only financially and economically viable but is also the best alternative water resource above desalinated water in terms of profitability and sustainability.María. J. López-SerranoJuan F. Velasco-MuñozJosé A. Aznar-SánchezIsabel M. Román-SánchezMDPI AGarticletertiary waterreclaimed watertreated wastewateragricultureirrigationgreenhouseAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2218, p 2218 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tertiary water reclaimed water treated wastewater agriculture irrigation greenhouse Agriculture S
spellingShingle	tertiary water reclaimed water treated wastewater agriculture irrigation greenhouse Agriculture S María. J. López-Serrano Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz José A. Aznar-Sánchez Isabel M. Román-Sánchez Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
description	In a global context where agriculture is the major consumer of water, there is a pressing need to look for alternative water resources. In light of there being a lack of studies that compare the use of diverse water alternatives in different crops, the overall objective of this research is to evaluate the impact generated by the use of tertiary water from an economic and financial perspective and compare it with groundwater and desalinated water. To reach this objective, a detailed study of the cost structure of greenhouse investment has been developed. Furthermore, the most traditional indicators for investment profitability have been calculated for the three different water alternatives: tertiary water, groundwater and desalinated water. The cost analyses demonstrate the relative short reach that the price of water has in an area of greenhouse agriculture exploitation, which provides a margin of increasing water costs while still allowing for economic profit. Taking into account the three water resources considered, evidence shows that the use of tertiary water is not only financially and economically viable but is also the best alternative water resource above desalinated water in terms of profitability and sustainability.
format	article
author	María. J. López-Serrano Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz José A. Aznar-Sánchez Isabel M. Román-Sánchez
author_facet	María. J. López-Serrano Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz José A. Aznar-Sánchez Isabel M. Román-Sánchez
author_sort	María. J. López-Serrano
title	Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
title_short	Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
title_full	Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
title_fullStr	Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
title_full_unstemmed	Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region
title_sort	economic analysis of the use of reclaimed water in agriculture in southeastern spain, a mediterranean region
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/adc3f8fe03504caca4ce823478dcfb41
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariajlopezserrano economicanalysisoftheuseofreclaimedwaterinagricultureinsoutheasternspainamediterraneanregion AT juanfvelascomunoz economicanalysisoftheuseofreclaimedwaterinagricultureinsoutheasternspainamediterraneanregion AT joseaaznarsanchez economicanalysisoftheuseofreclaimedwaterinagricultureinsoutheasternspainamediterraneanregion AT isabelmromansanchez economicanalysisoftheuseofreclaimedwaterinagricultureinsoutheasternspainamediterraneanregion
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Economic Analysis of the Use of Reclaimed Water in Agriculture in Southeastern Spain, A Mediterranean Region

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