Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification

Abstract Amphioxus or lancelets have been regarded as a key animal in understanding the origin of vertebrates. However, the evolutionary history within this lineage remains unexplored. As the amphioxus lineage has likely been separated from other chordates for a very long time and displays a marked...

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Autores principales:	Takeshi Igawa, Masafumi Nozawa, Daichi G. Suzuki, James D. Reimer, Arseniy R. Morov, Yiquan Wang, Yasuhisa Henmi, Kinya Yasui
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/add4829e76b24a299ae58956a5005415
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:add4829e76b24a299ae58956a50054152021-12-02T15:05:25ZEvolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification10.1038/s41598-017-00786-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/add4829e76b24a299ae58956a50054152017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00786-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Amphioxus or lancelets have been regarded as a key animal in understanding the origin of vertebrates. However, the evolutionary history within this lineage remains unexplored. As the amphioxus lineage has likely been separated from other chordates for a very long time and displays a marked left-right asymmetry, its evolutionary history is potentially helpful in better understanding chordate and vertebrate origins. We studied the phylogenetic relationships within the extant amphioxus lineage based on mitochondrial genomes incorporating new Asymmetron and Epigonichthys populations, and based on previously reported nuclear transcriptomes. The resulting tree patterns are consistent, showing the Asymmetron clade diverging first, followed by the Epigonichthys and Branchiostoma clades splitting. Divergence time estimates based on nuclear transcriptomes with vertebrate calibrations support a shallow diversification of the extant amphioxus lineage in the Tertiary. These estimates fit well with the closure of seaways between oceans by continental drift, ocean currents, and present geographical distributions, and suggest a long cryptic history from the origin of amphioxus to its most recent diversification. Deduced character polarities based on phylogenetic analyses suggest that the common ancestor of the extant amphioxus existed in a tiny epibenthic state with larva-like appearance of extant amphioxus, likely with ciliate epidermis.Takeshi IgawaMasafumi NozawaDaichi G. SuzukiJames D. ReimerArseniy R. MorovYiquan WangYasuhisa HenmiKinya YasuiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Takeshi Igawa Masafumi Nozawa Daichi G. Suzuki James D. Reimer Arseniy R. Morov Yiquan Wang Yasuhisa Henmi Kinya Yasui Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
description	Abstract Amphioxus or lancelets have been regarded as a key animal in understanding the origin of vertebrates. However, the evolutionary history within this lineage remains unexplored. As the amphioxus lineage has likely been separated from other chordates for a very long time and displays a marked left-right asymmetry, its evolutionary history is potentially helpful in better understanding chordate and vertebrate origins. We studied the phylogenetic relationships within the extant amphioxus lineage based on mitochondrial genomes incorporating new Asymmetron and Epigonichthys populations, and based on previously reported nuclear transcriptomes. The resulting tree patterns are consistent, showing the Asymmetron clade diverging first, followed by the Epigonichthys and Branchiostoma clades splitting. Divergence time estimates based on nuclear transcriptomes with vertebrate calibrations support a shallow diversification of the extant amphioxus lineage in the Tertiary. These estimates fit well with the closure of seaways between oceans by continental drift, ocean currents, and present geographical distributions, and suggest a long cryptic history from the origin of amphioxus to its most recent diversification. Deduced character polarities based on phylogenetic analyses suggest that the common ancestor of the extant amphioxus existed in a tiny epibenthic state with larva-like appearance of extant amphioxus, likely with ciliate epidermis.
format	article
author	Takeshi Igawa Masafumi Nozawa Daichi G. Suzuki James D. Reimer Arseniy R. Morov Yiquan Wang Yasuhisa Henmi Kinya Yasui
author_facet	Takeshi Igawa Masafumi Nozawa Daichi G. Suzuki James D. Reimer Arseniy R. Morov Yiquan Wang Yasuhisa Henmi Kinya Yasui
author_sort	Takeshi Igawa
title	Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
title_short	Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
title_full	Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
title_fullStr	Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
title_sort	evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/add4829e76b24a299ae58956a5005415
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Evolutionary history of the extant amphioxus lineage with shallow-branching diversification

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