Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda

Natural death is a key determinant of a species population dynamics. Thus, a clear understanding of natural mortality factors aids the development of appropriate management strategies for insect pests. Cohort-based life tables were constructed to determine the sources and rates of mortality of field...

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Autores principales:	Kasifa KATONO, Sarina MACFADYEN, Christopher Abu OMONGO, John COLVIN, Jeninah KARUNGI, Michael Hilary OTIM
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science 2021
Materias:	hemiptera aleyrodidae bemisia tabaci life table marginal mortality key factor disappearance parasitism Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ade4450c221b49728acc130da456e0e8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ade4450c221b49728acc130da456e0e82021-11-05T15:23:15ZMortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda1210-57591802-882910.14411/eje.2021.016https://doaj.org/article/ade4450c221b49728acc130da456e0e82021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-202101-0016_mortality_factors_acting_on_field_populations_of_bemisia_tabaci_hemiptera_aleyrodidae_ssa1_on_cassava_in_uga.phphttps://doaj.org/toc/1210-5759https://doaj.org/toc/1802-8829Natural death is a key determinant of a species population dynamics. Thus, a clear understanding of natural mortality factors aids the development of appropriate management strategies for insect pests. Cohort-based life tables were constructed to determine the sources and rates of mortality of field populations of the pest, Bemisia tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) on cassava in Uganda. Monthly cohorts (10 in total) were established separately for eggs and nymphs on two cassava genotypes with known levels of resistance to B. tabaci infestation (Alado alado and NAROCASS 1). Mortality was recorded using daily observations for the eggs and the different nymphal instars. The recorded mortality sources were disappearance (total removal of egg or nymph from the leaf), predation, parasitism (nymphs only), unknown death and inviability (eggs only). Median marginal mortality rate was highest for disappearance (0.355) followed by parasitism (0.058). The highest level of mortality occurred during the third nymph stage (55% on Alado alado) and only 12% of nymphs reached the adult stage. Irreplaceable mortality (Ic) was highest for disappearance followed by third instar parasitism. Key-factor analysis revealed a close resemblance of the curve for disappearance to that of total mortality coupled with the highest regression slopes: 0.896 for eggs and 0.725 for nymphs on NAROCASS 1. From these results, we conclude that disappearance and parasitism are the major mortality factors controlling B. tabaci SSA1 populations. Therefore, the development of interventions that focus on enhancing the levels of disappearance and third instar parasitism may lead to population-level reductions in B. tabaci SSA1. Further studies need to be conducted to understand the factors that contribute to the high mortality associated with disappearance.Kasifa KATONOSarina MACFADYENChristopher Abu OMONGOJohn COLVINJeninah KARUNGIMichael Hilary OTIMInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciencearticlehemipteraaleyrodidaebemisia tabacilife tablemarginal mortalitykey factordisappearanceparasitismZoologyQL1-991ENEuropean Journal of Entomology, Vol 118, Iss 1, Pp 148-158 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hemiptera aleyrodidae bemisia tabaci life table marginal mortality key factor disappearance parasitism Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	hemiptera aleyrodidae bemisia tabaci life table marginal mortality key factor disappearance parasitism Zoology QL1-991 Kasifa KATONO Sarina MACFADYEN Christopher Abu OMONGO John COLVIN Jeninah KARUNGI Michael Hilary OTIM Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
description	Natural death is a key determinant of a species population dynamics. Thus, a clear understanding of natural mortality factors aids the development of appropriate management strategies for insect pests. Cohort-based life tables were constructed to determine the sources and rates of mortality of field populations of the pest, Bemisia tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) on cassava in Uganda. Monthly cohorts (10 in total) were established separately for eggs and nymphs on two cassava genotypes with known levels of resistance to B. tabaci infestation (Alado alado and NAROCASS 1). Mortality was recorded using daily observations for the eggs and the different nymphal instars. The recorded mortality sources were disappearance (total removal of egg or nymph from the leaf), predation, parasitism (nymphs only), unknown death and inviability (eggs only). Median marginal mortality rate was highest for disappearance (0.355) followed by parasitism (0.058). The highest level of mortality occurred during the third nymph stage (55% on Alado alado) and only 12% of nymphs reached the adult stage. Irreplaceable mortality (Ic) was highest for disappearance followed by third instar parasitism. Key-factor analysis revealed a close resemblance of the curve for disappearance to that of total mortality coupled with the highest regression slopes: 0.896 for eggs and 0.725 for nymphs on NAROCASS 1. From these results, we conclude that disappearance and parasitism are the major mortality factors controlling B. tabaci SSA1 populations. Therefore, the development of interventions that focus on enhancing the levels of disappearance and third instar parasitism may lead to population-level reductions in B. tabaci SSA1. Further studies need to be conducted to understand the factors that contribute to the high mortality associated with disappearance.
format	article
author	Kasifa KATONO Sarina MACFADYEN Christopher Abu OMONGO John COLVIN Jeninah KARUNGI Michael Hilary OTIM
author_facet	Kasifa KATONO Sarina MACFADYEN Christopher Abu OMONGO John COLVIN Jeninah KARUNGI Michael Hilary OTIM
author_sort	Kasifa KATONO
title	Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
title_short	Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
title_full	Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
title_fullStr	Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed	Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda
title_sort	mortality factors acting on field populations of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) ssa1 on cassava in uganda
publisher	Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ade4450c221b49728acc130da456e0e8
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Mortality factors acting on field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) SSA1 on cassava in Uganda

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