Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.

<h4>Background</h4>Long-term patterning of non-employment among problem drinkers is poorly understood. We determined the level and timing of non-employment, and the relative contribution of various types of non-employment among middle-aged persons who died of alcohol-related causes.<h...

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Autores principales:	Tapio Paljärvi, Pekka Martikainen, Taina Leinonen, Tiina Pensola, Pia Mäkelä
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ae4e34c2b6fa4e6a9777088cd825aa2f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ae4e34c2b6fa4e6a9777088cd825aa2f2021-11-18T08:17:54ZNon-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0098620https://doaj.org/article/ae4e34c2b6fa4e6a9777088cd825aa2f2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24874518/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Long-term patterning of non-employment among problem drinkers is poorly understood. We determined the level and timing of non-employment, and the relative contribution of various types of non-employment among middle-aged persons who died of alcohol-related causes.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a longitudinal retrospective register-based study of Finnish men and women aged 45-64 years who died of alcohol-related causes (n = 15,552) or other causes (n = 39,166) in the period 2000-07, or who survived (n = 204,422) until the end of 2007. We traced back the number of days in employment and non-employment for up to 17 years before death or before the end of the study period for the survivors.<h4>Results</h4>The majority (≥56%) of persons who died of alcohol-related causes were in employment up to ten years before death. Over the 17-year period before death, those who died of alcohol-related causes were in employment on average two years less (mean 6.3 years, 95%CI 6.2-6.4) than those dying of other causes (8.2, 8.1-8.3), and five years less than survivors (11.6, 11.5-11.7), when sex and age were adjusted for. The relative role of various types of non-employment differed markedly across the two mortality groups. Among those who died of alcohol-related causes, unemployment accounted for 54% of the total burden of non-employment, in comparison with 29% among those who died of other causes. In contrast, disability pension accounted for 41% of the total burden of non-employment among those who died of alcohol-related causes, but 65% among those who died of other causes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The results indicate the feasibility of preventing movement out of employment among middle-aged men and women with severe alcohol-related harm, provided that they are identified early on during their working careers and offered effective interventions.Tapio PaljärviPekka MartikainenTaina LeinonenTiina PensolaPia MäkeläPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e98620 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tapio Paljärvi Pekka Martikainen Taina Leinonen Tiina Pensola Pia Mäkelä Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Long-term patterning of non-employment among problem drinkers is poorly understood. We determined the level and timing of non-employment, and the relative contribution of various types of non-employment among middle-aged persons who died of alcohol-related causes.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a longitudinal retrospective register-based study of Finnish men and women aged 45-64 years who died of alcohol-related causes (n = 15,552) or other causes (n = 39,166) in the period 2000-07, or who survived (n = 204,422) until the end of 2007. We traced back the number of days in employment and non-employment for up to 17 years before death or before the end of the study period for the survivors.<h4>Results</h4>The majority (≥56%) of persons who died of alcohol-related causes were in employment up to ten years before death. Over the 17-year period before death, those who died of alcohol-related causes were in employment on average two years less (mean 6.3 years, 95%CI 6.2-6.4) than those dying of other causes (8.2, 8.1-8.3), and five years less than survivors (11.6, 11.5-11.7), when sex and age were adjusted for. The relative role of various types of non-employment differed markedly across the two mortality groups. Among those who died of alcohol-related causes, unemployment accounted for 54% of the total burden of non-employment, in comparison with 29% among those who died of other causes. In contrast, disability pension accounted for 41% of the total burden of non-employment among those who died of alcohol-related causes, but 65% among those who died of other causes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The results indicate the feasibility of preventing movement out of employment among middle-aged men and women with severe alcohol-related harm, provided that they are identified early on during their working careers and offered effective interventions.
format	article
author	Tapio Paljärvi Pekka Martikainen Taina Leinonen Tiina Pensola Pia Mäkelä
author_facet	Tapio Paljärvi Pekka Martikainen Taina Leinonen Tiina Pensola Pia Mäkelä
author_sort	Tapio Paljärvi
title	Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
title_short	Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
title_full	Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
title_fullStr	Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
title_full_unstemmed	Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
title_sort	non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/ae4e34c2b6fa4e6a9777088cd825aa2f
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Non-employment histories of middle-aged men and women who died from alcohol-related causes: a longitudinal retrospective study.

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