Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage

Grassland is an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and contain substantial amounts of soil carbon. However, 90% of grasslands suffer from degradation in northern China, where soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is a major reservoir. Previous studies have focused primarily on soil organic carbon (SOC)...

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Autores principales:	Tongtong Xu, Minna Zhang, Shiwen Ding, Bai Liu, Qing Chang, Xuan Zhao, Ying Wang, Jianyong Wang, Ling Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Degraded grasslands Carbon stocks Soil organic carbon Soil inorganic carbon Profile distributions Soil salinization Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ae51d101a618419ab99579e16debd61d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ae51d101a618419ab99579e16debd61d2021-12-01T05:00:32ZGrassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108194https://doaj.org/article/ae51d101a618419ab99579e16debd61d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21008591https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XGrassland is an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and contain substantial amounts of soil carbon. However, 90% of grasslands suffer from degradation in northern China, where soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is a major reservoir. Previous studies have focused primarily on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, while the effects of grassland degradation in SIC stock remains largely unexplored. Therefore, accurate assessments of both SOC and SIC stocks and their profile distributions are necessary to fully understand the role of grassland degradation in China’s carbon budget. Here, we conducted an experiment to estimate the stocks, profile distributions, and environmental controls of both SOC and SIC in patchy saline-alkaline grasslands under three degraded degrees (non-degraded patches, ND; moderately degraded patches, MD, and heavily degraded patches, HD). Our results showed that grassland degradation destroys not only SOC but also SIC stocks in saline-alkaline grasslands. SIC is the main component of soil carbon in saline-alkaline grasslands, and their distributions changed dramatically. Compared with ND, SIC losses caused by degradation accounted for 84% and 86% of total carbon loss under MD and HD patches, respectively. SIC loss primarily occurred at the intermediate soil layers (30–70 cm), while the loss of SOC was mainly in the topsoil (0–40 cm). Moreover, the distributions of SIC from 20 to 60 cm were closely related to soil pH, while it is mainly regulated by EC from 60 to 100 cm. In addition, soil pH, EC, and above-ground biomass were important variables driving the profile distributions of SOC in the upper soil. Our work provides evidence that grassland degradation mainly damages the SIC stocks. Our findings, therefore, highlight the non-negligible role of SIC dynamics in the carbon budget of degraded grassland ecosystems and the need to consider these dynamics in terrestrial carbon cycle research.Tongtong XuMinna ZhangShiwen DingBai LiuQing ChangXuan ZhaoYing WangJianyong WangLing WangElsevierarticleDegraded grasslandsCarbon stocksSoil organic carbonSoil inorganic carbonProfile distributionsSoil salinizationEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 131, Iss , Pp 108194- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Degraded grasslands Carbon stocks Soil organic carbon Soil inorganic carbon Profile distributions Soil salinization Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Degraded grasslands Carbon stocks Soil organic carbon Soil inorganic carbon Profile distributions Soil salinization Ecology QH540-549.5 Tongtong Xu Minna Zhang Shiwen Ding Bai Liu Qing Chang Xuan Zhao Ying Wang Jianyong Wang Ling Wang Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
description	Grassland is an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and contain substantial amounts of soil carbon. However, 90% of grasslands suffer from degradation in northern China, where soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is a major reservoir. Previous studies have focused primarily on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, while the effects of grassland degradation in SIC stock remains largely unexplored. Therefore, accurate assessments of both SOC and SIC stocks and their profile distributions are necessary to fully understand the role of grassland degradation in China’s carbon budget. Here, we conducted an experiment to estimate the stocks, profile distributions, and environmental controls of both SOC and SIC in patchy saline-alkaline grasslands under three degraded degrees (non-degraded patches, ND; moderately degraded patches, MD, and heavily degraded patches, HD). Our results showed that grassland degradation destroys not only SOC but also SIC stocks in saline-alkaline grasslands. SIC is the main component of soil carbon in saline-alkaline grasslands, and their distributions changed dramatically. Compared with ND, SIC losses caused by degradation accounted for 84% and 86% of total carbon loss under MD and HD patches, respectively. SIC loss primarily occurred at the intermediate soil layers (30–70 cm), while the loss of SOC was mainly in the topsoil (0–40 cm). Moreover, the distributions of SIC from 20 to 60 cm were closely related to soil pH, while it is mainly regulated by EC from 60 to 100 cm. In addition, soil pH, EC, and above-ground biomass were important variables driving the profile distributions of SOC in the upper soil. Our work provides evidence that grassland degradation mainly damages the SIC stocks. Our findings, therefore, highlight the non-negligible role of SIC dynamics in the carbon budget of degraded grassland ecosystems and the need to consider these dynamics in terrestrial carbon cycle research.
format	article
author	Tongtong Xu Minna Zhang Shiwen Ding Bai Liu Qing Chang Xuan Zhao Ying Wang Jianyong Wang Ling Wang
author_facet	Tongtong Xu Minna Zhang Shiwen Ding Bai Liu Qing Chang Xuan Zhao Ying Wang Jianyong Wang Ling Wang
author_sort	Tongtong Xu
title	Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
title_short	Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
title_full	Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
title_fullStr	Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
title_full_unstemmed	Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
title_sort	grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ae51d101a618419ab99579e16debd61d
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Grassland degradation with saline-alkaline reduces more soil inorganic carbon than soil organic carbon storage

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